So close, yet so far away: Bringing "diversity" to research on distance in international business

Abstract

A focal topic in international business research is the analysis of distance. Despite the importance of the construct of distance, relatively little attention has been paid to its underlying mechanisms. We propose to reinvigorate the analysis of distance in international business through a diversity lens. Drawing upon research on diversity, we develop a theoretical framework that distinguishes types of diversity (variety, separation, and disparity) at three levels of analysis (institutional, organizational, and individual). We show how this framework allows scholars to extend their analysis of distance, revisit important existing questions, and explore new issues in international business. We discuss the theoretical and empirical implications of our diversity lens for the international business community.