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Article: The Process of Stellar Tidal Disruption by Supermassive Black Holes

TitleThe Process of Stellar Tidal Disruption by Supermassive Black Holes
Authors
KeywordsSupermassive black holes
Transient phenomena
Stellar dynamics
Gas magnetohydrodynamics
Issue Date2021
PublisherSpringer Netherlands. The Journal's web site is located at https://www.springer.com/journal/11214
Citation
Space Science Reviews, 2021, v. 217 n. 3, p. article no. 40 How to Cite?
AbstractTidal disruption events (TDEs) are among the brightest transients in the optical, ultraviolet, and X-ray sky. These flares are set into motion when a star is torn apart by the tidal field of a massive black hole, triggering a chain of events which is – so far – incompletely understood. However, the disruption process has been studied extensively for almost half a century, and unlike the later stages of a TDE, our understanding of the disruption itself is reasonably well converged. In this Chapter, we review both analytical and numerical models for stellar tidal disruption. Starting with relatively simple, order-of-magnitude physics, we review models of increasing sophistication, the semi-analytic “affine formalism,” hydrodynamic simulations of the disruption of polytropic stars, and the most recent hydrodynamic results concerning the disruption of realistic stellar models. Our review surveys the immediate aftermath of disruption in both typical and more unusual TDEs, exploring how the fate of the tidal debris changes if one considers non-main sequence stars, deeply penetrating tidal encounters, binary star systems, and sub-parabolic orbits. The stellar tidal disruption process provides the initial conditions needed to model the formation of accretion flows around quiescent massive black holes, and in some cases may also lead to directly observable emission, for example via shock breakout, gravitational waves or runaway nuclear fusion in deeply plunging TDEs.
DescriptionHybrid open access
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/299156
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 9.1
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 2.485
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorRossi, EM-
dc.contributor.authorStone, NC-
dc.contributor.authorLaw-Smith, JAP-
dc.contributor.authorMacleod, M-
dc.contributor.authorLodato, G-
dc.contributor.authorDai, JL-
dc.contributor.authorMandel, I-
dc.date.accessioned2021-04-28T02:26:55Z-
dc.date.available2021-04-28T02:26:55Z-
dc.date.issued2021-
dc.identifier.citationSpace Science Reviews, 2021, v. 217 n. 3, p. article no. 40-
dc.identifier.issn0038-6308-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/299156-
dc.descriptionHybrid open access-
dc.description.abstractTidal disruption events (TDEs) are among the brightest transients in the optical, ultraviolet, and X-ray sky. These flares are set into motion when a star is torn apart by the tidal field of a massive black hole, triggering a chain of events which is – so far – incompletely understood. However, the disruption process has been studied extensively for almost half a century, and unlike the later stages of a TDE, our understanding of the disruption itself is reasonably well converged. In this Chapter, we review both analytical and numerical models for stellar tidal disruption. Starting with relatively simple, order-of-magnitude physics, we review models of increasing sophistication, the semi-analytic “affine formalism,” hydrodynamic simulations of the disruption of polytropic stars, and the most recent hydrodynamic results concerning the disruption of realistic stellar models. Our review surveys the immediate aftermath of disruption in both typical and more unusual TDEs, exploring how the fate of the tidal debris changes if one considers non-main sequence stars, deeply penetrating tidal encounters, binary star systems, and sub-parabolic orbits. The stellar tidal disruption process provides the initial conditions needed to model the formation of accretion flows around quiescent massive black holes, and in some cases may also lead to directly observable emission, for example via shock breakout, gravitational waves or runaway nuclear fusion in deeply plunging TDEs.-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisherSpringer Netherlands. The Journal's web site is located at https://www.springer.com/journal/11214-
dc.relation.ispartofSpace Science Reviews-
dc.rightsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.-
dc.subjectSupermassive black holes-
dc.subjectTransient phenomena-
dc.subjectStellar dynamics-
dc.subjectGas magnetohydrodynamics-
dc.titleThe Process of Stellar Tidal Disruption by Supermassive Black Holes-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.identifier.emailDai, JL: lixindai@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.authorityDai, JL=rp02540-
dc.description.naturepublished_or_final_version-
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s11214-021-00818-7-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-85103424331-
dc.identifier.hkuros322173-
dc.identifier.volume217-
dc.identifier.issue3-
dc.identifier.spagearticle no. 40-
dc.identifier.epagearticle no. 40-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000632931700001-
dc.publisher.placeNetherlands-

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