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Conference Paper: Shadow Education: comparative perspectives on the expansion and implications of private supplementary tutoring
Title | Shadow Education: comparative perspectives on the expansion and implications of private supplementary tutoring '影子'教育: 课外辅导的扩大与影响的比较研究 |
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Authors | |
Issue Date | 2013 |
Publisher | Elsevier BV. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/718288/description#description |
Citation | The 7th Beijing Forum on Education Reform and Research in the Era of Transition (Beijing Forum 2010), Peking University, Beijing, China, 5-7 November 2010. In Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013, v. 77, p. 412–420 How to Cite? |
Abstract | Recent decades have brought intensification of what in some settings has been called the shadow education system of supplementary private tutoring. Pupils in regular fee-free public schools attend supplementary fee-paying classes after school, at week-ends and during vacations. This practice has received official comment in China as well as in other countries. Tutoring is especially evident during the period leading up to major examinations, but for some pupils occurs at all levels of education systems. The practice has long been ingrained in the cultures of East Asia, and is now increasingly evident in West and Central Asia, in Europe, in North America, and in Africa. Moreover, new types of tutoring over the internet are being provided across national boundaries. In this respect, tutoring is blurring geographic boundaries. © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. |
Description | Theme: The Harmony of Civilizations and Prosperity for All - Commitments and Responsibilities for a Better World 主題:文明的和諧與共同繁榮 — 為了我們共同的家園:責任與行動 This journal vol. entitled: The Harmony of Civilization and Prosperity for All: Selected Papers of Beijing Forum (2009-2010) |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/138086 |
ISSN |
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Bray, M | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2011-08-26T14:39:55Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2011-08-26T14:39:55Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2013 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | The 7th Beijing Forum on Education Reform and Research in the Era of Transition (Beijing Forum 2010), Peking University, Beijing, China, 5-7 November 2010. In Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2013, v. 77, p. 412–420 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1877-0428 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/138086 | - |
dc.description | Theme: The Harmony of Civilizations and Prosperity for All - Commitments and Responsibilities for a Better World | - |
dc.description | 主題:文明的和諧與共同繁榮 — 為了我們共同的家園:責任與行動 | - |
dc.description | This journal vol. entitled: The Harmony of Civilization and Prosperity for All: Selected Papers of Beijing Forum (2009-2010) | - |
dc.description.abstract | Recent decades have brought intensification of what in some settings has been called the shadow education system of supplementary private tutoring. Pupils in regular fee-free public schools attend supplementary fee-paying classes after school, at week-ends and during vacations. This practice has received official comment in China as well as in other countries. Tutoring is especially evident during the period leading up to major examinations, but for some pupils occurs at all levels of education systems. The practice has long been ingrained in the cultures of East Asia, and is now increasingly evident in West and Central Asia, in Europe, in North America, and in Africa. Moreover, new types of tutoring over the internet are being provided across national boundaries. In this respect, tutoring is blurring geographic boundaries. © 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. | - |
dc.language | eng | en_US |
dc.publisher | Elsevier BV. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/718288/description#description | en_US |
dc.relation.ispartof | Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences | en_US |
dc.rights | Author holds the copyright | - |
dc.rights | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. | - |
dc.title | Shadow Education: comparative perspectives on the expansion and implications of private supplementary tutoring | en_US |
dc.title | '影子'教育: 课外辅导的扩大与影响的比较研究 | - |
dc.type | Conference_Paper | en_US |
dc.identifier.email | Bray, M: mbray@hkucc.hku.hk | en_US |
dc.identifier.authority | Bray, M=rp00888 | en_US |
dc.description.nature | published_or_final_version | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.03.096 | - |
dc.identifier.hkuros | 191579 | en_US |
dc.identifier.volume | 77 | - |
dc.identifier.spage | 412 | en_US |
dc.identifier.epage | 420 | en_US |
dc.publisher.place | Netherlands | - |
dc.identifier.issnl | 1877-0428 | - |