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- Publisher Website: 10.1021/es020620v
- Scopus: eid_2-s2.0-0037105647
- PMID: 12269752
- WOS: WOS:000178016600014
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Article: Cloud-point extraction and preconcentration of cyanobacterial toxins (microcystins) from natural waters using a cationic surfactant
Title | Cloud-point extraction and preconcentration of cyanobacterial toxins (microcystins) from natural waters using a cationic surfactant |
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Authors | |
Keywords | Species Index: Anas Sp. Bacteria (Microorganisms) Cyanobacteria |
Issue Date | 2002 |
Publisher | American Chemical Society. The Journal's web site is located at http://pubs.acs.org/est |
Citation | Environmental Science And Technology, 2002, v. 36 n. 18, p. 3985-3990 How to Cite? |
Abstract | A new cloud-point extraction and preconcentration method using a cationic surfactant, Aliquat-336 (tricaprylyl-methylammonium chloride), has been developed for the determination of cyanobacterial toxins, microcystins, in natural waters. Sodium sulfate was used to induce phase separation at 25°C. The phase behavior of Aliquat-336 with respect to concentration of Na 2SO 4 was studied. The cloud-point system revealed a very high phase volume ratio compared to other established systems of nonionic, anionic, and cationic surfactants. At pH 6-7, it showed an outstanding selectivity in analyte extraction for anionic species. Only MC-LR and MC-YR, which are known to be predominantly anionic, were extracted (with averaged recoveries of 113.9 ± 9% and 87.1 ± 7%, respectively). MC-RR, which is likely to be amphoteric at the above pH range, was not detectable in the extract. Coupled to HPLC/UV separation and detection, the cloud-point extraction method (with 2.5 mM Aliquat-336 and 75 mM Na 2SO 4 at 25 °C) offered detection limits of 150 ± 7 and 470 ± 72 pg/mL for MC-LR and MC-YR, respectively, in 25 mL of deionized water. Repeatability of the method was 7.6% for MC-LR and 7.3% for MC-YR. The cloud-point extraction process can be completed within 10-15 min with no cleanup steps required. Applicability of the new method to the determination of microcystins in real samples was demonstrated using natural surface waters collected from a local river and a local duck pond spiked with realistic concentrations of microcystins. Effects of salinity and organic matter (TOC) content in the water sample on the extra ction efficiency were also studied. |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/92674 |
ISSN | 2023 Impact Factor: 10.8 2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 3.516 |
ISI Accession Number ID | |
References |
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Man, BKW | en_HK |
dc.contributor.author | Lam, MHW | en_HK |
dc.contributor.author | Lam, PKS | en_HK |
dc.contributor.author | Wu, RSS | en_HK |
dc.contributor.author | Shaw, G | en_HK |
dc.date.accessioned | 2010-09-17T10:53:48Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2010-09-17T10:53:48Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2002 | en_HK |
dc.identifier.citation | Environmental Science And Technology, 2002, v. 36 n. 18, p. 3985-3990 | en_HK |
dc.identifier.issn | 0013-936X | en_HK |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/92674 | - |
dc.description.abstract | A new cloud-point extraction and preconcentration method using a cationic surfactant, Aliquat-336 (tricaprylyl-methylammonium chloride), has been developed for the determination of cyanobacterial toxins, microcystins, in natural waters. Sodium sulfate was used to induce phase separation at 25°C. The phase behavior of Aliquat-336 with respect to concentration of Na 2SO 4 was studied. The cloud-point system revealed a very high phase volume ratio compared to other established systems of nonionic, anionic, and cationic surfactants. At pH 6-7, it showed an outstanding selectivity in analyte extraction for anionic species. Only MC-LR and MC-YR, which are known to be predominantly anionic, were extracted (with averaged recoveries of 113.9 ± 9% and 87.1 ± 7%, respectively). MC-RR, which is likely to be amphoteric at the above pH range, was not detectable in the extract. Coupled to HPLC/UV separation and detection, the cloud-point extraction method (with 2.5 mM Aliquat-336 and 75 mM Na 2SO 4 at 25 °C) offered detection limits of 150 ± 7 and 470 ± 72 pg/mL for MC-LR and MC-YR, respectively, in 25 mL of deionized water. Repeatability of the method was 7.6% for MC-LR and 7.3% for MC-YR. The cloud-point extraction process can be completed within 10-15 min with no cleanup steps required. Applicability of the new method to the determination of microcystins in real samples was demonstrated using natural surface waters collected from a local river and a local duck pond spiked with realistic concentrations of microcystins. Effects of salinity and organic matter (TOC) content in the water sample on the extra ction efficiency were also studied. | en_HK |
dc.language | eng | en_HK |
dc.publisher | American Chemical Society. The Journal's web site is located at http://pubs.acs.org/est | en_HK |
dc.relation.ispartof | Environmental Science and Technology | en_HK |
dc.subject | Species Index: Anas Sp. | en_HK |
dc.subject | Bacteria (Microorganisms) | en_HK |
dc.subject | Cyanobacteria | en_HK |
dc.title | Cloud-point extraction and preconcentration of cyanobacterial toxins (microcystins) from natural waters using a cationic surfactant | en_HK |
dc.type | Article | en_HK |
dc.identifier.email | Wu, RSS: rudolfwu@hku.hk | en_HK |
dc.identifier.authority | Wu, RSS=rp01398 | en_HK |
dc.description.nature | link_to_subscribed_fulltext | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1021/es020620v | en_HK |
dc.identifier.pmid | 12269752 | - |
dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-0037105647 | en_HK |
dc.relation.references | http://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-0037105647&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpage | en_HK |
dc.identifier.volume | 36 | en_HK |
dc.identifier.issue | 18 | en_HK |
dc.identifier.spage | 3985 | en_HK |
dc.identifier.epage | 3990 | en_HK |
dc.identifier.isi | WOS:000178016600014 | - |
dc.publisher.place | United States | en_HK |
dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Man, BKW=7003818463 | en_HK |
dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Lam, MHW=7202630175 | en_HK |
dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Lam, PKS=7202365776 | en_HK |
dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Wu, RSS=7402945079 | en_HK |
dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Shaw, G=7401773458 | en_HK |
dc.identifier.issnl | 0013-936X | - |