Mechanism of voltage collapse based on circuit model

Abstract

A power system will experience voltage collapse when a system load parameter is over a certain critical value. In this paper, the mechanism of voltage collapse is studied based on the circuit model. The results show that the fundamental reason for the occurrence of voltage collapse is due to the non-transversal intersection between solution manifolds of the injection branch equations of generators and loads and the linear electrical network equations in the bus voltage and injection-current space. In the meantime, it is also proven that the non-transversal intersection mentioned above exactly corresponds to the static bifurcation point, i.e. the critical point of voltage collapse.