Average BER of BPSK and QPSK systems with noisy phase reference over Nakagami-m fading channels

Abstract

This paper presents closed form expressions to evaluate the average bit error rate (BER) of coherent binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and quadrature PSK (QPSK) systems in the presence of Nakagami-m fading channel and noisy phase reference. Performance degradation due to noisy phase reference is investigated versus both the fading parameter m and the maximum phase error φ. When m is increased from 1 to 9 and φ = 30°, the degradation at the average BER of 10 -3 for BPSK is increased from 0.3 dB to 0.48 dB. For φ increasing from 10° to 40° and m = 5, the degradation is increased from 0.06 dB to 0.92 dB. Degradation thus increases with increasing φ and m.