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Article: Temporal variations of physical and hydrochemical properties of springs in the Mid-Levels area, Hong Kong: Results of a 1-year comprehensive monitoring programme

TitleTemporal variations of physical and hydrochemical properties of springs in the Mid-Levels area, Hong Kong: Results of a 1-year comprehensive monitoring programme
Authors
KeywordsContinuous monitoring programme
Flow and chemical responses
Hong Kong
Rainstorm event
Spring
Issue Date2008
PublisherJohn Wiley & Sons Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/4125
Citation
Hydrological Processes, 2008, v. 22 n. 8, p. 1080-1092 How to Cite?
AbstractSprings and seeps occur in the spaces around Po Hing Fong Street in the Mid-Levels area, Hong Kong. Most of the springs occur through the drainage weepholes on retaining walls at the street. This paper first examines the geology and history of the springs. The paper then reports the findings from a 1-year comprehensive spring monitoring programme. The temporal variations of flow rate, physiochemical parameters and hydrochemistry of the springs are discussed. The average temperatures of the springs were close to the mean air temperature, although there was a systematic lag time of 40 to 50 days between the peak air temperature and highest water temperatures. Spring waters from two rows of weepholes in the retaining wall showed significantly different physical and hydrochemical responses to the changes in rainfall and temperature, though their vertical distance is only about 1 m. The results suggest that water from the upper row of weepholes may represent a recharge source that is shallow or close to the spring outlets, whereas that from the lower row of weepholes may represent a recharge source that is much deeper or further up the hill. Although the spring flows increased rapidly after rainstorms, analysis of the total dissolved solids showed a delayed response to rainstorm events. The concentration of individual ions in the spring water varied in a unique way in response to rainstorm events. It is clear that the presence of underground man-made drainage systems and the leakage from water mains in the study area may add complexity to the solute responses and transport mechanisms. Further studies are required to constrain the impacts of these man-made structures on the hydrogeology of the springs. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/73011
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 2.8
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.954
ISI Accession Number ID
References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorLeung, CMen_HK
dc.contributor.authorJiao, JJen_HK
dc.date.accessioned2010-09-06T06:47:12Z-
dc.date.available2010-09-06T06:47:12Z-
dc.date.issued2008en_HK
dc.identifier.citationHydrological Processes, 2008, v. 22 n. 8, p. 1080-1092en_HK
dc.identifier.issn0885-6087en_HK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/73011-
dc.description.abstractSprings and seeps occur in the spaces around Po Hing Fong Street in the Mid-Levels area, Hong Kong. Most of the springs occur through the drainage weepholes on retaining walls at the street. This paper first examines the geology and history of the springs. The paper then reports the findings from a 1-year comprehensive spring monitoring programme. The temporal variations of flow rate, physiochemical parameters and hydrochemistry of the springs are discussed. The average temperatures of the springs were close to the mean air temperature, although there was a systematic lag time of 40 to 50 days between the peak air temperature and highest water temperatures. Spring waters from two rows of weepholes in the retaining wall showed significantly different physical and hydrochemical responses to the changes in rainfall and temperature, though their vertical distance is only about 1 m. The results suggest that water from the upper row of weepholes may represent a recharge source that is shallow or close to the spring outlets, whereas that from the lower row of weepholes may represent a recharge source that is much deeper or further up the hill. Although the spring flows increased rapidly after rainstorms, analysis of the total dissolved solids showed a delayed response to rainstorm events. The concentration of individual ions in the spring water varied in a unique way in response to rainstorm events. It is clear that the presence of underground man-made drainage systems and the leakage from water mains in the study area may add complexity to the solute responses and transport mechanisms. Further studies are required to constrain the impacts of these man-made structures on the hydrogeology of the springs. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.en_HK
dc.languageengen_HK
dc.publisherJohn Wiley & Sons Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/4125en_HK
dc.relation.ispartofHydrological Processesen_HK
dc.rightsHydrological Processes. Copyright © John Wiley & Sons Ltd.en_HK
dc.subjectContinuous monitoring programmeen_HK
dc.subjectFlow and chemical responsesen_HK
dc.subjectHong Kongen_HK
dc.subjectRainstorm eventen_HK
dc.subjectSpringen_HK
dc.titleTemporal variations of physical and hydrochemical properties of springs in the Mid-Levels area, Hong Kong: Results of a 1-year comprehensive monitoring programmeen_HK
dc.typeArticleen_HK
dc.identifier.openurlhttp://library.hku.hk:4550/resserv?sid=HKU:IR&issn=0885-6087&volume=22 &issue=8&spage=1080&epage=1092&date=2008&atitle=Temporal+variations+of+physical+and+hydrochemical+properties+of+springs+in+the+Mid-Levels+area,+Hong+Kong:+results+of+a+1-year+comprehensive+monitoring+programmeen_HK
dc.identifier.emailJiao, JJ:jjiao@hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.authorityJiao, JJ=rp00712en_HK
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltext-
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/hyp.6656en_HK
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-42149172698en_HK
dc.identifier.hkuros144018en_HK
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-42149172698&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_HK
dc.identifier.volume22en_HK
dc.identifier.issue8en_HK
dc.identifier.spage1080en_HK
dc.identifier.epage1092en_HK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000255154200002-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Kingdomen_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLeung, CM=35146017000en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridJiao, JJ=7102382963en_HK
dc.identifier.issnl0885-6087-

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