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Article: Effects of an ambient air pollution intervention and environmental tobacco smoke on children's respiratory health in Hong Kong

TitleEffects of an ambient air pollution intervention and environmental tobacco smoke on children's respiratory health in Hong Kong
Authors
KeywordsAir pollution
Environmental tobacco smoke
Hong Kong
Respiratory symptoms
Issue Date1996
PublisherOxford University Press. The Journal's web site is located at http://ije.oxfordjournals.org/
Citation
International Journal of Epidemiology, 1996, v. 25 n. 4, p. 821-828 How to Cite?
AbstractBackground. Two-thirds of complaints received by the Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department in 1988 were related to poor air quality. In July 1990 legislation was implemented to reduce fuel sulphur levels. The objective of this study was to measure the impact of the intervention on respiratory health in primary school children. Methods. In all, 3521 children, mean age 9.51 years (SD = 0.78), from two districts with good and poor air quality respectively before intervention were followed yearly from 1989 to 1991. Children and parents reported the children's respiratory symptoms using self-completed questionnaires. Factor analysis was used to derive independent scores from 12 symptoms. Four groups of related symptoms were identified and binary variables (presence of any symptom in each group) were treated as dependent variables in modelling using generalized estimating equations procedures. Results. In 1989 and 1990 an excess of respiratory symptoms was observed in the polluted compared with unpolluted district. The significant effects (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI], P value) associated with living in the polluted district were: cough and sore throat (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.04-1.43, P < 0.01) and wheezing (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.10-1.66, P < 0.01). After the intervention, in the polluted district only, sulphur dioxide levels fell by up to 80% and sulphate concentrations in respirable particulates by 38%. Between 1989 and 1990-1991 there was a greater decline in the polluted compared with the unpolluted district for reported symptoms of cough or sore throat, phlegm, and wheezing. The risks to respiratory health for children exposed to tobacco smoke in the home were higher than those for air pollution in both 1989 and 1990 and remained unchanged in 1991. Conclusions. Air quality can be improved by fuel controls but an effective intersectoral approach is required if other risks from environmental tobacco smoke are to be avoided.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/49367
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 6.4
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 2.663
ISI Accession Number ID
References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorPeters, Jen_HK
dc.contributor.authorHedley, AJen_HK
dc.contributor.authorWong, CMen_HK
dc.contributor.authorLam, THen_HK
dc.contributor.authorOng, SGen_HK
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Jen_HK
dc.contributor.authorSpiegelhalter, DJen_HK
dc.date.accessioned2008-06-12T06:40:36Z-
dc.date.available2008-06-12T06:40:36Z-
dc.date.issued1996en_HK
dc.identifier.citationInternational Journal of Epidemiology, 1996, v. 25 n. 4, p. 821-828en_HK
dc.identifier.issn0300-5771en_HK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/49367-
dc.description.abstractBackground. Two-thirds of complaints received by the Hong Kong Environmental Protection Department in 1988 were related to poor air quality. In July 1990 legislation was implemented to reduce fuel sulphur levels. The objective of this study was to measure the impact of the intervention on respiratory health in primary school children. Methods. In all, 3521 children, mean age 9.51 years (SD = 0.78), from two districts with good and poor air quality respectively before intervention were followed yearly from 1989 to 1991. Children and parents reported the children's respiratory symptoms using self-completed questionnaires. Factor analysis was used to derive independent scores from 12 symptoms. Four groups of related symptoms were identified and binary variables (presence of any symptom in each group) were treated as dependent variables in modelling using generalized estimating equations procedures. Results. In 1989 and 1990 an excess of respiratory symptoms was observed in the polluted compared with unpolluted district. The significant effects (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI], P value) associated with living in the polluted district were: cough and sore throat (OR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.04-1.43, P < 0.01) and wheezing (OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.10-1.66, P < 0.01). After the intervention, in the polluted district only, sulphur dioxide levels fell by up to 80% and sulphate concentrations in respirable particulates by 38%. Between 1989 and 1990-1991 there was a greater decline in the polluted compared with the unpolluted district for reported symptoms of cough or sore throat, phlegm, and wheezing. The risks to respiratory health for children exposed to tobacco smoke in the home were higher than those for air pollution in both 1989 and 1990 and remained unchanged in 1991. Conclusions. Air quality can be improved by fuel controls but an effective intersectoral approach is required if other risks from environmental tobacco smoke are to be avoided.en_HK
dc.format.extent418 bytes-
dc.format.mimetypetext/html-
dc.languageengen_HK
dc.publisherOxford University Press. The Journal's web site is located at http://ije.oxfordjournals.org/en_HK
dc.relation.ispartofInternational Journal of Epidemiologyen_HK
dc.subjectAir pollutionen_HK
dc.subjectEnvironmental tobacco smokeen_HK
dc.subjectHong Kongen_HK
dc.subjectRespiratory symptomsen_HK
dc.titleEffects of an ambient air pollution intervention and environmental tobacco smoke on children's respiratory health in Hong Kongen_HK
dc.typeArticleen_HK
dc.identifier.emailHedley, AJ:hrmrajh@hkucc.hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.emailWong, CM:hrmrwcm@hkucc.hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.emailLam, TH:hrmrlth@hkucc.hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.authorityHedley, AJ=rp00357en_HK
dc.identifier.authorityWong, CM=rp00338en_HK
dc.identifier.authorityLam, TH=rp00326en_HK
dc.description.naturelink_to_OA_fulltexten_HK
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/ije/25.4.821en_HK
dc.identifier.pmid8921462-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-0029782560en_HK
dc.identifier.hkuros20220-
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-0029782560&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_HK
dc.identifier.volume25en_HK
dc.identifier.issue4en_HK
dc.identifier.spage821en_HK
dc.identifier.epage828en_HK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:A1996VH22000018-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Kingdomen_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridPeters, J=24784601400en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridHedley, AJ=7102584095en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridWong, CM=7404954904en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLam, TH=7202522876en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridOng, SG=7202336734en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLiu, J=15319295700en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridSpiegelhalter, DJ=35491822900en_HK
dc.identifier.issnl0300-5771-

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