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Article: The fraction of ischaemic heart disease and stroke attributable to smoking in the WHO Western Pacific and South-East Asian regions

TitleThe fraction of ischaemic heart disease and stroke attributable to smoking in the WHO Western Pacific and South-East Asian regions
Authors
Issue Date2006
PublisherB M J Publishing Group. The Journal's web site is located at http://tc.bmjjournals.com/
Citation
Tobacco Control, 2006, v. 15 n. 3, p. 181-188 How to Cite?
AbstractBackground: Tobacco will soon be the biggest cause of death worldwide, with the greatest burden being borne by low and middle-income countries where 8/10 smokers now live. Objective: This study aimed to quantify the direct burden of smoking for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) by calculating the population attributable fractions (PAF) for fatal ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke (haemorrhagic and ischaemic) for all 38 countries in the World Health Organization Western Pacific and South East Asian regions. Design and subjects: Sex-specific prevalence of smoking was obtained from existing data. Estimates of the hazard ratio (HR) for IHD and stroke with smoking as an independent risk factor were obtained from the ∼600 000 adult subjects in the Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration (APCSC). HR estimates and prevalence were then used to calculate sex-specific PAF for IHD and stroke by country. Results: The prevalence of smoking in the 33 countries, for which relevant data could be obtained, ranged from 28-82% in males and from 1-65% in females. The fraction of IHD attributable to smoking ranged from 13-33% in males and from <1-28% in females. The percentage of haemorrhagic stroke attributable to smoking ranged from 4-12% in males and from <1-9% in females. Corresponding figures for ischaemic stroke were 11-27% in males and <1-22% in females. Conclusions: Up to 30% of some cardiovascular fatalities can be attributed to smoking. This is likely an underestimate of the current burden of smoking on CVD, given that the smoking epidemic has developed further since many of the studies were conducted.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/45478
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 4.0
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.654
PubMed Central ID
ISI Accession Number ID
References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorMartiniuk, ALCen_HK
dc.contributor.authorLee, CMYen_HK
dc.contributor.authorLam, THen_HK
dc.contributor.authorHuxley, Ren_HK
dc.contributor.authorSuh, Ien_HK
dc.contributor.authorJamrozik, Ken_HK
dc.contributor.authorGu, DFen_HK
dc.contributor.authorWoodward, Men_HK
dc.date.accessioned2007-10-30T06:26:55Z-
dc.date.available2007-10-30T06:26:55Z-
dc.date.issued2006en_HK
dc.identifier.citationTobacco Control, 2006, v. 15 n. 3, p. 181-188en_HK
dc.identifier.issn0964-4563en_HK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/45478-
dc.description.abstractBackground: Tobacco will soon be the biggest cause of death worldwide, with the greatest burden being borne by low and middle-income countries where 8/10 smokers now live. Objective: This study aimed to quantify the direct burden of smoking for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) by calculating the population attributable fractions (PAF) for fatal ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke (haemorrhagic and ischaemic) for all 38 countries in the World Health Organization Western Pacific and South East Asian regions. Design and subjects: Sex-specific prevalence of smoking was obtained from existing data. Estimates of the hazard ratio (HR) for IHD and stroke with smoking as an independent risk factor were obtained from the ∼600 000 adult subjects in the Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration (APCSC). HR estimates and prevalence were then used to calculate sex-specific PAF for IHD and stroke by country. Results: The prevalence of smoking in the 33 countries, for which relevant data could be obtained, ranged from 28-82% in males and from 1-65% in females. The fraction of IHD attributable to smoking ranged from 13-33% in males and from <1-28% in females. The percentage of haemorrhagic stroke attributable to smoking ranged from 4-12% in males and from <1-9% in females. Corresponding figures for ischaemic stroke were 11-27% in males and <1-22% in females. Conclusions: Up to 30% of some cardiovascular fatalities can be attributed to smoking. This is likely an underestimate of the current burden of smoking on CVD, given that the smoking epidemic has developed further since many of the studies were conducted.en_HK
dc.format.extent211040 bytes-
dc.format.extent1035795 bytes-
dc.format.extent3729 bytes-
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf-
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf-
dc.format.mimetypetext/plain-
dc.languageengen_HK
dc.publisherB M J Publishing Group. The Journal's web site is located at http://tc.bmjjournals.com/en_HK
dc.relation.ispartofTobacco Controlen_HK
dc.rightsTobacco Control. Copyright © B M J Publishing Group.en_HK
dc.subject.meshCerebrovascular Accident - etiology - mortalityen_HK
dc.subject.meshMyocardial Ischemia - etiology - mortalityen_HK
dc.subject.meshSmoking - adverse effects - mortalityen_HK
dc.subject.meshAsia, Southeastern - epidemiologyen_HK
dc.subject.meshPacific Islands - epidemiologyen_HK
dc.titleThe fraction of ischaemic heart disease and stroke attributable to smoking in the WHO Western Pacific and South-East Asian regionsen_HK
dc.typeArticleen_HK
dc.identifier.openurlhttp://library.hku.hk:4550/resserv?sid=HKU:IR&issn=0964-4563&volume=15&issue=3&spage=181&epage=188&date=2006&atitle=The+fraction+of+ischaemic+heart+disease+and+stroke+attributable+to+smoking+in+the+WHO+Western+Pacific+and+South-East+Asian+regionsen_HK
dc.identifier.emailLam, TH:hrmrlth@hkucc.hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.authorityLam, TH=rp00326en_HK
dc.description.naturepublished_or_final_versionen_HK
dc.identifier.doi10.1136/tc.2005.013284en_HK
dc.identifier.pmid16728748-
dc.identifier.pmcidPMC2564655-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-33745009813en_HK
dc.identifier.hkuros115940-
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-33745009813&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_HK
dc.identifier.volume15en_HK
dc.identifier.issue3en_HK
dc.identifier.spage181en_HK
dc.identifier.epage188en_HK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000237810700019-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Kingdomen_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridMartiniuk, ALC=15835035500en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLee, CMY=15128480500en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLam, TH=7202522876en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridHuxley, R=6701828350en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridSuh, I=7101988200en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridJamrozik, K=26426193300en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridGu, DF=7202151958en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridWoodward, M=7102510958en_HK
dc.identifier.issnl0964-4563-

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