Circulating fibroblast growth factor 21 is associated with blood pressure in the Chinese population: a community-based study

Abstract

Background: Our research team previously found that fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21, a circulating hormone, was significantly associated with atherosclerosis in human and animal models. The relationship between FGF21 and blood pressure (BP) is rarely studied in the Asian population. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationship of FGF21 with BP in a Chinese population. Methods: We analysed data on 1051 participants from the Shenzhen–Hong Kong United Network on Cardiovascular Disease (SHUN-CVD) study. Results: The medians of FGF21 level were 355.1 pg/mL (IQR 234.3–574.8 pg/mL) for hypertensive patients and 253.5 (IQR 136.9–403.3 pg/mL) for non-hypertensive participants. Ln-transformed FGF21 level was associated with both systolic and diastolic BP (systolic BP: B = 4.45 [95% CI 3.41–5.49]; p < .001; diastolic BP: B = 2.72 [95% CI 2.03–3.42]; p < .001). After adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes, alcohol consumption, smoking and physical activity, the association remained significant (systolic BP: B = 1.99 [95% CI 1.01–2.97]; p < .001; diastolic BP: B = 1.36 [95% CI 0.69–2.04]; p < .001). Serum FGF21 level was associated with hypertension (quartile 4 vs. quartile 1, OR = 4.19 [95% CI 2.65–6.61]; p for trend < .001). Conclusions: This is the first study to elucidate the relationship of FGF21 with BP in the Asian population. FGF21 is significantly associated with BP. Besides its use as a biomarker, FGF21 may be a new drug target for hypertension treatment.