Multigenerational private housing developments in Hong Kong : an empirical identification of hindrances and opportunities

Abstract

Multigenerational housing is a housing model that allows different generations to share communal facilities, living, and social spaces, fostering better quality of life and stronger social connections among residents of all ages. This study conducted a systematic literature review and identified 25 factors influencing public interest in multigenerational housing, which were incorporated into a questionnaire for further analysis. Additionally, interviews with experts from property developers, government agencies, and NGOs were carried out to explore key drivers, challenges, and recommendations for advancing multigenerational private housing development in Hong Kong. The findings reveal strong public support for multigenerational housing. Regression analysis identified seven key factors influencing interest, including family support and caregiving opportunities. Developers are attracted by market potential due to demographic changes, financial incentives like Gross Floor Area concessions, and portfolio diversification. However, barriers such as high land costs, regulatory constraints, and design complexities hinder progress. The study provides recommendations for policymakers, developers, and NGOs. Policymakers should enhance financial incentives, revise zoning regulations to support flexible designs, and launch public awareness campaigns. Developers are encouraged to incorporate adaptable layouts, community-focused amenities, and premium features to meet market demands. NGOs should focus on educating communities, advocating for policy reforms, and supporting further research to address data gaps. This research highlights the potential of multigenerational housing as a sustainable and family-oriented solution for Hong Kong, promoting intergenerational bonds and efficient use of resources. Collaborative efforts among stakeholders are essential to overcoming challenges and mainstreaming this housing model.