GRB 051210: Swift detection of a short gamma ray burst

Abstract

Aims. The short/hard GRB 051210 was detected and located by the Swift-BAT instrument and rapidly pointed towards by the narrow field instruments. The XRT was able to observe a bright, rapidly fading X-ray emission. We present the analysis of the prompt and afterglow emission of this event. Methods. The BAT spectrum is a power-law with photon index 1.0 ± 0.3. The X-ray light curve decays with slope -2.58 ± 0.11 and shows a small flare in the early phases. The spectrum can be described with a power law with photon index 1.54 ± 0.16 and absorption (7.5<inf>-3.2</inf>^+4.3) × 10 ²⁰ cm^-2. Results. We find that the X-ray emission is consistent with the hypothesis that we are observing the curvature effect of a GRB that occurred in a low density medium, with no detectable afterglow attributable to an external shock. We estimate the density of the circumburst medium to be lower than 3 × 10^-3 cm^-3. We also discuss different hypothesis on the possible origin of the flare. © ESO 2006.