The influence of built environment on leisure activities of the elderly from the perspective of residential differentiation : taking Hong Kong as an example

Abstract

This study examines the impact of the built environment on the leisure activities of the elderly in Hong Kong, considering residential differentiation. The growth of the aging population in Hong Kong highlights the importance to understand how older adults' daily lives are affected by urban infrastructure, which is significant for planning and policy development throughout an entire region. To explore how elderly leisure activities are affected by different residential settings, the study uses three types of housing: private housing estate with no facility for purchase inclination; public rental houses without facilities but evidently cheaper than private units, and Home Ownership Scheme housing which is much more economical in line with global equal access. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from surveys and qualitative insights from interviews with elderly residents. Green space; walking routes and access to public transportation rank high among key variables, as well as perceptions of safety in the neighborhood. The paper points to large differences in leisure activity participation among the elderly according to housing type, where private condominiums provide more facilities and safer surroundings than public rental flats. This research demonstrates that these residents face more difficulties in participating in leisure activities, especially due to inferior built environment conditions. There are a number of barriers in the way, such as limited access to recreational facilities and programming; publicly underused spaces (or what little is available requires groups or booking); unsafe pedestrian infrastructure. In contrast, private and Home Ownership Scheme housing promotes active living through design, giving residents more directed areas where they vegetables and flowers with neighbors. Policy recommendations derived from this study focus on the importance of and urgent need for inclusive city planning that addresses these inequalities. Well-designed public rental housing estate built environment, safety and accessibility, improvement of open space availability can significantly reduce the burden on the elderly's daily life. The study points out that the sustainable urban development of a rapidly aging society depends on creating age-friendly communities which respect older people and promote their physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. In conclusion, this study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of characteristics designed in the built environment that are likely related to elderly leisure, which has implications for urban planners and policymakers navigating toward a direction to create urban spaces where every older person can equally benefit from local amenities.