Accuracy of dental implant placement in fully edentulous patients using a dynamic navigation system

Abstract

Objective·To study the accuracy of dental implant placement in fully edentulous patients using a dynamic navigation system. Methods·Nine fully edentulous patients [8 males and 1 female with the mean age of (48.78±15.25) years old], including 5 maxillae and 4 mandibles, from December 2020 to January 2022, in the Department of Second Dental Center, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were included, where 56 implants were placed by a dynamic navigation system and 1 was by freehand. The preoperative plans and the postoperative cone-beam CT were fused, and the entry deviation, exit deviation and angle deviation between the planned and placed dental implants were measured and recorded. According to different jaws, the implants were divided into maxilla and mandible group, and the implants were split into left and right group according to their locations to the midline. The dental implants were classified into anterior and posterior group based on the placed location. The differences of the three deviations between different groups were analyzed by using approximate t test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results·The median (lower quartile, upper quartile) of entry deviation, exit deviation and angle deviation of dental implants were 1.06 (0.54, 1.54) mm, 1.11 (0.51, 1.56) mm and 3.33° (1.77°, 4.52°), respectively. No significant difference was found in the three deviations, irrespective of the different jaws (maxilla and mandible) (P>0.05) and implant locations (left and right side) (P>0.05). The angle deviation of the anterior implants was significantly higher than that of the posterior implants (P=0.029), but the entry deviation and exit deviation showed no significant difference between the anterior and posterior group (P>0.05). Conclusion·The dynamic navigation system can achieve acceptable accuracy of dental implant placement in the fully edentulous patients.