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Article: Neuroimaging in Primary Coenzyme-Q10-Deficiency Disorders

TitleNeuroimaging in Primary Coenzyme-Q10-Deficiency Disorders
Authors
KeywordsLeigh syndrome
mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation
multiple system atrophy
neurodegeneration
ubiquinone
Issue Date14-Mar-2023
PublisherMDPI
Citation
Antioxidants, 2023, v. 12, n. 3 How to Cite?
Abstract

Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is an endogenously synthesized lipid molecule. It is best known for its role as a cofactor within the mitochondrial respiratory chain where it functions in electron transfer and ATP synthesis. However, there are many other cellular pathways that also depend on the CoQ10 supply (redox homeostasis, ferroptosis and sulfide oxidation). The CoQ10 biosynthesis pathway consists of several enzymes, which are encoded by the nuclear DNA. The majority of these enzymes are responsible for modifications of the CoQ-head group (benzoquinone ring). Only three enzymes (PDSS1, PDSS2 and COQ2) are required for assembly and attachment of the polyisoprenoid side chain. The head-modifying enzymes may assemble into resolvable domains, representing COQ complexes. During the last two decades, numerous inborn errors in CoQ10 biosynthesis enzymes have been identified. Thus far, 11 disease genes are known (PDSS1, PDSS2, COQ2, COQ4, COQ5, COQ6, COQ7, COQ8A, COQ8B, COQ9 and HPDL). Disease onset is highly variable and ranges from the neonatal period to late adulthood. CoQ10 deficiency exerts detrimental effects on the nervous system. Potential consequences are neuronal death, neuroinflammation and cerebral gliosis. Clinical features include encephalopathy, regression, movement disorders, epilepsy and intellectual disability. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most important tool for diagnostic evaluation of neurological damage in individuals with CoQ10 deficiency. However, due to the rarity of the different gene defects, information on disease manifestations within the central nervous system is scarce. This review aims to provide an overview of brain MRI patterns observed in primary CoQ10 biosynthesis disorders and to highlight disease-specific findings.


Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/331018
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 6.0
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.222
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorMunch, J-
dc.contributor.authorPrasuhn, J-
dc.contributor.authorLaugwitz, L-
dc.contributor.authorFung, CW-
dc.contributor.authorChung, BHY-
dc.contributor.authorBellusci, M-
dc.contributor.authorMayatepek, E-
dc.contributor.authorKlee, D-
dc.contributor.authorDistelmaier, F-
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-21T06:52:02Z-
dc.date.available2023-09-21T06:52:02Z-
dc.date.issued2023-03-14-
dc.identifier.citationAntioxidants, 2023, v. 12, n. 3-
dc.identifier.issn2076-3921-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/331018-
dc.description.abstract<p>Coenzyme Q<sub>10</sub> (CoQ<sub>10</sub>) is an endogenously synthesized lipid molecule. It is best known for its role as a cofactor within the mitochondrial respiratory chain where it functions in electron transfer and ATP synthesis. However, there are many other cellular pathways that also depend on the CoQ<sub>10</sub> supply (redox homeostasis, ferroptosis and sulfide oxidation). The CoQ<sub>10</sub> biosynthesis pathway consists of several enzymes, which are encoded by the nuclear DNA. The majority of these enzymes are responsible for modifications of the CoQ-head group (benzoquinone ring). Only three enzymes (PDSS1, PDSS2 and COQ2) are required for assembly and attachment of the polyisoprenoid side chain. The head-modifying enzymes may assemble into resolvable domains, representing COQ complexes. During the last two decades, numerous inborn errors in CoQ<sub>10</sub> biosynthesis enzymes have been identified. Thus far, 11 disease genes are known (PDSS1, PDSS2, COQ2, COQ4, COQ5, COQ6, COQ7, COQ8A, COQ8B, COQ9 and HPDL). Disease onset is highly variable and ranges from the neonatal period to late adulthood. CoQ<sub>10</sub> deficiency exerts detrimental effects on the nervous system. Potential consequences are neuronal death, neuroinflammation and cerebral gliosis. Clinical features include encephalopathy, regression, movement disorders, epilepsy and intellectual disability. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most important tool for diagnostic evaluation of neurological damage in individuals with CoQ<sub>10</sub> deficiency. However, due to the rarity of the different gene defects, information on disease manifestations within the central nervous system is scarce. This review aims to provide an overview of brain MRI patterns observed in primary CoQ<sub>10</sub> biosynthesis disorders and to highlight disease-specific findings.</p>-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisherMDPI-
dc.relation.ispartofAntioxidants-
dc.rightsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.-
dc.subjectLeigh syndrome-
dc.subjectmitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation-
dc.subjectmultiple system atrophy-
dc.subjectneurodegeneration-
dc.subjectubiquinone-
dc.titleNeuroimaging in Primary Coenzyme-Q10-Deficiency Disorders-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/antiox12030718-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-85151531042-
dc.identifier.volume12-
dc.identifier.issue3-
dc.identifier.eissn2076-3921-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000953298100001-
dc.identifier.issnl2076-3921-

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