A Comprehensive Approach for Measuring Spatial Deviations of Computer-Assisted Mandibular Reconstruction

Abstract

Background: Computer-assisted surgery has become the mainstream in mandibular reconstruction, but the lack of a standard measuring approach for spatial deviations of mandible hinders postoperative verification and the comparison of different subjects. This study aims to set up a comprehensive approach for measuring spatial deviations of computer-assisted mandibular reconstruction. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to extract all measurements for computer-assisted mandibular reconstruction. Thereafter, eligible measurements were included in the authors' comprehensive approach, which categorized the measurements according to different anatomical structures and landmarks. Results: A total of 80 studies were included in the authors' systematic review, and 31 measurements were extracted. The authors established a comprehensive panel of anatomical landmarks to facilitate measurement, including parts, points, lines, planes, and angles. These measurements encompassed spatial deviations of the overall mandible, condyle, gonial angle, bone grafts, midline, surgical plate, osteotomy, and miscellaneous indicators. A calculation spreadsheet was developed to collect landmarks and compute deviations automatically with built-in formulas. Finally, a simplified panel of measurements was recommended for spatial deviations of mandibular reconstruction. Conclusions: A comprehensive approach for measuring spatial deviations of computer-assisted mandibular reconstruction was established. Future studies will confirm this approach as an effective and scientific system for postoperative verification of computer-assisted mandibular reconstruction.