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Article: Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Serum Vitamin D Level among Infants and Toddlers: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis and before-and-after Comparison

TitleImpact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Serum Vitamin D Level among Infants and Toddlers: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis and before-and-after Comparison
Authors
Keywordsserum 25-hydroxyvitamin D
vitamin D
infants
COVID-19
interrupted time series
Issue Date2021
PublisherMDPI AG. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients/
Citation
Nutrients, 2021, v. 13 n. 4, p. article no. 1270 How to Cite?
AbstractBackground: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the implementation of social distancing and home confinement measures may elevate the risk of vitamin D deficiency particularly for infants. This study aimed to quantify changes in vitamin D level among infants and toddlers in Hong Kong after the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: We recruited 303 infants and toddlers aged 2–24 months by stratified random sampling from 1 June 2019 to November 30, 2020. Regression models were used to estimate the effect of time on infants’ serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level overall and by age groups before and after the outbreak. Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis was performed to examine the sustained effect of COVID-19 on their serum 25(OH)D level. Results: The ITS results showed no immediate reduction in serum 25(OH)D level among infants, but a decreasing trend was observed in the subsequent months post-outbreak at a monthly decline rate of −6.32 nmol/L. When analyzed by age group, the magnitude of post-outbreak reduction in 25(OH)D was stronger among younger infants (aged 2–6 months). Conclusion: Guidelines and recommendations should be given to pregnant women and mothers to ensure sufficient vitamin D level in their infants during the COVID-19 period.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/301657
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 4.8
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.301
PubMed Central ID
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorWong, RS-
dc.contributor.authorTung, KTS-
dc.contributor.authorSo, HK-
dc.contributor.authorWong, WHS-
dc.contributor.authorWong, SY-
dc.contributor.authorTsang, HW-
dc.contributor.authorTung, JYL-
dc.contributor.authorChua, GT-
dc.contributor.authorHo, MHK-
dc.contributor.authorWong, ICK-
dc.contributor.authorIp, P-
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-09T03:42:18Z-
dc.date.available2021-08-09T03:42:18Z-
dc.date.issued2021-
dc.identifier.citationNutrients, 2021, v. 13 n. 4, p. article no. 1270-
dc.identifier.issn2072-6643-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/301657-
dc.description.abstractBackground: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the implementation of social distancing and home confinement measures may elevate the risk of vitamin D deficiency particularly for infants. This study aimed to quantify changes in vitamin D level among infants and toddlers in Hong Kong after the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: We recruited 303 infants and toddlers aged 2–24 months by stratified random sampling from 1 June 2019 to November 30, 2020. Regression models were used to estimate the effect of time on infants’ serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level overall and by age groups before and after the outbreak. Interrupted time series (ITS) analysis was performed to examine the sustained effect of COVID-19 on their serum 25(OH)D level. Results: The ITS results showed no immediate reduction in serum 25(OH)D level among infants, but a decreasing trend was observed in the subsequent months post-outbreak at a monthly decline rate of −6.32 nmol/L. When analyzed by age group, the magnitude of post-outbreak reduction in 25(OH)D was stronger among younger infants (aged 2–6 months). Conclusion: Guidelines and recommendations should be given to pregnant women and mothers to ensure sufficient vitamin D level in their infants during the COVID-19 period.-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisherMDPI AG. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients/-
dc.relation.ispartofNutrients-
dc.rightsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.-
dc.subjectserum 25-hydroxyvitamin D-
dc.subjectvitamin D-
dc.subjectinfants-
dc.subjectCOVID-19-
dc.subjectinterrupted time series-
dc.titleImpact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Serum Vitamin D Level among Infants and Toddlers: An Interrupted Time Series Analysis and before-and-after Comparison-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.identifier.emailWong, RS: rosawong@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailTung, KTS: ktung@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailSo, HK: hkso@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailWong, WHS: whswong@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailWong, SY: yanws@HKUCC-COM.hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailTsang, HW: thwpaed@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailChua, GT: cgt560@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailHo, MHK: marcoho@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailWong, ICK: wongick@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailIp, P: patricip@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.authorityWong, RS=rp02804-
dc.identifier.authorityChua, GT=rp02684-
dc.identifier.authorityWong, ICK=rp01480-
dc.identifier.authorityIp, P=rp01337-
dc.description.naturepublished_or_final_version-
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/nu13041270-
dc.identifier.pmid33924387-
dc.identifier.pmcidPMC8069706-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-85103963727-
dc.identifier.hkuros323832-
dc.identifier.volume13-
dc.identifier.issue4-
dc.identifier.spagearticle no. 1270-
dc.identifier.epagearticle no. 1270-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000643387900001-
dc.publisher.placeSwitzerland-

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