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Article: Additive Effects of Environmental Enrichment and Ketamine on Neuropathic Pain Relief by Reducing Glutamatergic Activation in Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

TitleAdditive Effects of Environmental Enrichment and Ketamine on Neuropathic Pain Relief by Reducing Glutamatergic Activation in Spinal Cord Injury in Rats
Authors
Keywordsenvironmental enrichment
ketamine
neuropathic pain
neuroplasticity
neuroprotection
Issue Date2021
PublisherFrontiers Research Foundation. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.frontiersin.org/neuroscience
Citation
Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2021, v. 15, p. article no. 635187 How to Cite?
AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) impairs mobility and often results in complications like intractable neuropathic pain. A multi-approach management of this chronic pain condition has been encouraged, but little has been explored of the field. Here, we focus on the effect and underlying mechanism of environmental enrichment (EE), which promotes voluntary social and physical activities, combined with a clinical analgesic, ketamine, on SCI-induced neuropathic pain as well as motor dysfunction. We performed T13 spinal hemisection in rats, which induced unilateral motor impairment and neuropathic pain-like behaviors in the hindlimb. Treatment regimen started a week after SCI, which consists of ketamine administration (30 mg kg–1 day–1; intramuscular) for 10 days, or EE housing for 20 days, or their combination. Paw withdrawal response to mechanical and thermal stimuli, motor function, burrowing behaviors, and body weight was monitored. Spinal segments at T13 lesion and L4–L6 were collected for histopathological and protein analyses. The joint treatment of EE and ketamine provided greater relief of pain-like behaviors and locomotor recovery than did either paradigm alone. These improvements were associated with reduced cavitation area, astrogliosis, and perilesional phosphorylation of glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). Concurrently, lumbar spinal analysis of NMDAR-linked excitatory markers in hypersensitization showed reduced activation of NMDAR, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, interleukin (IL)-1β signaling, and restored excitatory amino acid transporter 2 level. Our data support a better therapeutic efficacy of the combination, EE, and ketamine, in the attenuation of neuropathic pain and motor recovery by reducing spinal glutamatergic activation, signifying a potential multifaceted neurorehabilitation strategy to improve SCI patient outcome.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/301510
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 3.2
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.063
PubMed Central ID
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorTAI, WL-
dc.contributor.authorSun, L-
dc.contributor.authorLi, H-
dc.contributor.authorGU, P-
dc.contributor.authorJoosten, EA-
dc.contributor.authorCheung, CW-
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-09T03:40:06Z-
dc.date.available2021-08-09T03:40:06Z-
dc.date.issued2021-
dc.identifier.citationFrontiers in Neuroscience, 2021, v. 15, p. article no. 635187-
dc.identifier.issn1662-453X-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/301510-
dc.description.abstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) impairs mobility and often results in complications like intractable neuropathic pain. A multi-approach management of this chronic pain condition has been encouraged, but little has been explored of the field. Here, we focus on the effect and underlying mechanism of environmental enrichment (EE), which promotes voluntary social and physical activities, combined with a clinical analgesic, ketamine, on SCI-induced neuropathic pain as well as motor dysfunction. We performed T13 spinal hemisection in rats, which induced unilateral motor impairment and neuropathic pain-like behaviors in the hindlimb. Treatment regimen started a week after SCI, which consists of ketamine administration (30 mg kg–1 day–1; intramuscular) for 10 days, or EE housing for 20 days, or their combination. Paw withdrawal response to mechanical and thermal stimuli, motor function, burrowing behaviors, and body weight was monitored. Spinal segments at T13 lesion and L4–L6 were collected for histopathological and protein analyses. The joint treatment of EE and ketamine provided greater relief of pain-like behaviors and locomotor recovery than did either paradigm alone. These improvements were associated with reduced cavitation area, astrogliosis, and perilesional phosphorylation of glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). Concurrently, lumbar spinal analysis of NMDAR-linked excitatory markers in hypersensitization showed reduced activation of NMDAR, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, interleukin (IL)-1β signaling, and restored excitatory amino acid transporter 2 level. Our data support a better therapeutic efficacy of the combination, EE, and ketamine, in the attenuation of neuropathic pain and motor recovery by reducing spinal glutamatergic activation, signifying a potential multifaceted neurorehabilitation strategy to improve SCI patient outcome.-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisherFrontiers Research Foundation. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.frontiersin.org/neuroscience-
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Neuroscience-
dc.rightsThis Document is Protected by copyright and was first published by Frontiers. All rights reserved. It is reproduced with permission.-
dc.rightsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.-
dc.subjectenvironmental enrichment-
dc.subjectketamine-
dc.subjectneuropathic pain-
dc.subjectneuroplasticity-
dc.subjectneuroprotection-
dc.titleAdditive Effects of Environmental Enrichment and Ketamine on Neuropathic Pain Relief by Reducing Glutamatergic Activation in Spinal Cord Injury in Rats-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.identifier.emailCheung, CW: cheucw@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.authorityCheung, CW=rp00244-
dc.description.naturepublished_or_final_version-
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fnins.2021.635187-
dc.identifier.pmid33828447-
dc.identifier.pmcidPMC8019908-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-85103672483-
dc.identifier.hkuros324150-
dc.identifier.volume15-
dc.identifier.spagearticle no. 635187-
dc.identifier.epagearticle no. 635187-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000636674100001-
dc.publisher.placeSwitzerland-

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