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postgraduate thesis: Constructing an anti-biofouling and mineralizing bioactive tooth surface to protect against decay and promote self-healing

TitleConstructing an anti-biofouling and mineralizing bioactive tooth surface to protect against decay and promote self-healing
Authors
Advisors
Advisor(s):Wong, HM
Issue Date2021
PublisherThe University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong)
Citation
Zhou, L. [周黎]. (2021). Constructing an anti-biofouling and mineralizing bioactive tooth surface to protect against decay and promote self-healing. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR.
AbstractIntroduction: Dental caries is one of the leading public health problems worldwide, which influence nearly half of the world’s population. Bacteria colonizing on the local tooth surface and producing acid by-products result in the imbalanced mineralization in dental hard tissue, which induce the formation of initial decay. Demineralization can be reversible given adequate time before acidogenic challenges for remineralization to occur. Antimicrobial peptides as a natural host-defense system possess a broad-spectrum of antimicrobial activities and some of them as the component of acquired enamel pellicle resist acid injure for dental hard tissues. Aims: In order to resist dental plaque formation, reverse imbalanced mineralization, and simultaneously realize self-healing remineralization, a brand-new strategy for preventing and treating dental caries was proposed via constructing an anti-biofouling and mineralizing bioactive layer on tooth surface. Methods: A novel bioactive peptide was synthesized and characterized byhigh-performance liquid chromatography and molecular mass. In vitro study, the adsorption amounts of the peptide with HA and enamel were evaluated by Pierce BCA Protein Assay. The anti-biofouling ability of this peptide including anti-planktonic S. mutans, anti-biofilm of S. mutans on enamel surface, and anti-S. mutans adhesion on peptide-coated enamel surface were evaluated. In order to investigate the ability to suppress demineralization, peptide-coated tooth slices were immersed into demineralization solution. Then the mineral concentration changes of demineralization solution were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer. Similarly, to investigate the ability to improve remineralization, peptide-coated tooth slices were immersed into remineralization solution. Then the mineral concentration changes of remineralization solution were measured by ICP-OES and the cross-sectional and surface morphology of regenerated crystals were observed by FE-SEM. The viability assay of HGF-1 in the peptide solution, proliferation of HGF-1 on peptide-coated enamel surface, and in vivo study of peptide were evaluated to investigate the biocompatibility and in vivo effect. Additionally, the accurate kinetic information between the bioactive peptide and tooth surface in de/remineralization systems was analyzed by molecular dynamic simulations. Results: In vitro study, the bioactive peptide had stronger adsorption capacity with HA and enamel. The vast majority of adsorption reaction occurred in the first 5 min. The main adsorption mechanism was the electrostatic interaction between positively charged amino acid residues of the peptide and negatively charged PO43- of HA. Sp strengthened the adsorption ability of the peptide onto HA by changing molecular conformation on HA surface. This bioactive peptide showed potential anti-biofouling abilities. The bioactive peptide coated on enamel surface presented an excellent ability to suppress enamel demineralization in the acid environment and an excellent ability to improve enamel remineralization in the remineralization environment due to the presence of Sp. In vivo study, this bioactive peptide was a safe and effective agent, which can be used inclinic to prevent dental caries. Conclusion: An anti-biofouling and mineralizing bioactive peptide was offered that could be applied effectively and safely to prevent dental caries and promote in situ self-healing.
DegreeDoctor of Philosophy
SubjectDental caries - Prevention
Peptides - Therapeutic use
Dept/ProgramDentistry
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/298896

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.advisorWong, HM-
dc.contributor.authorZhou, Li-
dc.contributor.author周黎-
dc.date.accessioned2021-04-16T11:16:39Z-
dc.date.available2021-04-16T11:16:39Z-
dc.date.issued2021-
dc.identifier.citationZhou, L. [周黎]. (2021). Constructing an anti-biofouling and mineralizing bioactive tooth surface to protect against decay and promote self-healing. (Thesis). University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR.-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/298896-
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: Dental caries is one of the leading public health problems worldwide, which influence nearly half of the world’s population. Bacteria colonizing on the local tooth surface and producing acid by-products result in the imbalanced mineralization in dental hard tissue, which induce the formation of initial decay. Demineralization can be reversible given adequate time before acidogenic challenges for remineralization to occur. Antimicrobial peptides as a natural host-defense system possess a broad-spectrum of antimicrobial activities and some of them as the component of acquired enamel pellicle resist acid injure for dental hard tissues. Aims: In order to resist dental plaque formation, reverse imbalanced mineralization, and simultaneously realize self-healing remineralization, a brand-new strategy for preventing and treating dental caries was proposed via constructing an anti-biofouling and mineralizing bioactive layer on tooth surface. Methods: A novel bioactive peptide was synthesized and characterized byhigh-performance liquid chromatography and molecular mass. In vitro study, the adsorption amounts of the peptide with HA and enamel were evaluated by Pierce BCA Protein Assay. The anti-biofouling ability of this peptide including anti-planktonic S. mutans, anti-biofilm of S. mutans on enamel surface, and anti-S. mutans adhesion on peptide-coated enamel surface were evaluated. In order to investigate the ability to suppress demineralization, peptide-coated tooth slices were immersed into demineralization solution. Then the mineral concentration changes of demineralization solution were measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer. Similarly, to investigate the ability to improve remineralization, peptide-coated tooth slices were immersed into remineralization solution. Then the mineral concentration changes of remineralization solution were measured by ICP-OES and the cross-sectional and surface morphology of regenerated crystals were observed by FE-SEM. The viability assay of HGF-1 in the peptide solution, proliferation of HGF-1 on peptide-coated enamel surface, and in vivo study of peptide were evaluated to investigate the biocompatibility and in vivo effect. Additionally, the accurate kinetic information between the bioactive peptide and tooth surface in de/remineralization systems was analyzed by molecular dynamic simulations. Results: In vitro study, the bioactive peptide had stronger adsorption capacity with HA and enamel. The vast majority of adsorption reaction occurred in the first 5 min. The main adsorption mechanism was the electrostatic interaction between positively charged amino acid residues of the peptide and negatively charged PO43- of HA. Sp strengthened the adsorption ability of the peptide onto HA by changing molecular conformation on HA surface. This bioactive peptide showed potential anti-biofouling abilities. The bioactive peptide coated on enamel surface presented an excellent ability to suppress enamel demineralization in the acid environment and an excellent ability to improve enamel remineralization in the remineralization environment due to the presence of Sp. In vivo study, this bioactive peptide was a safe and effective agent, which can be used inclinic to prevent dental caries. Conclusion: An anti-biofouling and mineralizing bioactive peptide was offered that could be applied effectively and safely to prevent dental caries and promote in situ self-healing.-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisherThe University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong)-
dc.relation.ispartofHKU Theses Online (HKUTO)-
dc.rightsThe author retains all proprietary rights, (such as patent rights) and the right to use in future works.-
dc.rightsThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.-
dc.subject.lcshDental caries - Prevention-
dc.subject.lcshPeptides - Therapeutic use-
dc.titleConstructing an anti-biofouling and mineralizing bioactive tooth surface to protect against decay and promote self-healing-
dc.typePG_Thesis-
dc.description.thesisnameDoctor of Philosophy-
dc.description.thesislevelDoctoral-
dc.description.thesisdisciplineDentistry-
dc.description.naturepublished_or_final_version-
dc.date.hkucongregation2021-
dc.identifier.mmsid991044360595103414-

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