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Article: Arresting early childhood caries using silver and fluoride products – A randomised trial
Title | Arresting early childhood caries using silver and fluoride products – A randomised trial |
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Authors | |
Keywords | Children Early childhood caries Silver diamine fluoride Sodium fluoride Silver nitrate |
Issue Date | 2020 |
Publisher | Elsevier Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jdent |
Citation | Journal of Dentistry, 2020, v. 103, article no. 103522 How to Cite? |
Abstract | Objective: The aim of this randomised non-inferiority clinical trial was to compare the effectiveness of semi-annual (every six months) applications of 25 % silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution followed by 5 % sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish to semi-annual applications of 38 % silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution in arresting early childhood caries (ECC). Methods: Three-year-old children with active cavitated carious lesions were recruited and randomly assigned to two intervention groups. Children in Group A received semi-annual applications of 25% AgNO3 solution followed by 5% NaF varnish on carious lesions. Children in Group B received semi-annual applications of 38% SDF solution followed by a placebo varnish. One trained dentist assessed ECC status at baseline and in all follow-up examinations. An independent operator performed the interventions. The dentist, the children, and their care-takers were blinded to the intervention allocation. Data were analysed using a non-inferiority test. Group A’s non-inferiority would be accepted if the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the difference in the mean number of arrested decayed surfaces (ds) was greater than − 0.5. Results: At baseline, 1,070 children were recruited, and 535 children were assigned to each group. After 30 months, the mean arrested ds in Groups A (n = 447) and B (n = 433) were 3.7 ± 3.6 and 3.6 ± 3.7, respectively (p = 0.694). The difference in the mean arrested ds between the two groups was 0.088 (95 % CI: -0.351 to 0.526). Conclusion: Semi-annual application of 25% AgNO3 followed by 5% NaF is at least as effective as the semi-annual application of 38% SDF in arresting ECC. Clinical significance: Silver and fluoride products are effective in arresting caries. As a simple, non-invasive, and inexpensive strategy, it can be used in young children, elderly adults, and people with special needs. |
Description | Hybrid open access |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/298753 |
ISSN | 2023 Impact Factor: 4.8 2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.313 |
ISI Accession Number ID |
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Gao, SS | - |
dc.contributor.author | Chen, KJ | - |
dc.contributor.author | Duangthip, D | - |
dc.contributor.author | Wong, MCM | - |
dc.contributor.author | Lo, ECM | - |
dc.contributor.author | Chu, CH | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2021-04-12T03:02:55Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2021-04-12T03:02:55Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2020 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Journal of Dentistry, 2020, v. 103, article no. 103522 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 0300-5712 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/298753 | - |
dc.description | Hybrid open access | - |
dc.description.abstract | Objective: The aim of this randomised non-inferiority clinical trial was to compare the effectiveness of semi-annual (every six months) applications of 25 % silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution followed by 5 % sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish to semi-annual applications of 38 % silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution in arresting early childhood caries (ECC). Methods: Three-year-old children with active cavitated carious lesions were recruited and randomly assigned to two intervention groups. Children in Group A received semi-annual applications of 25% AgNO3 solution followed by 5% NaF varnish on carious lesions. Children in Group B received semi-annual applications of 38% SDF solution followed by a placebo varnish. One trained dentist assessed ECC status at baseline and in all follow-up examinations. An independent operator performed the interventions. The dentist, the children, and their care-takers were blinded to the intervention allocation. Data were analysed using a non-inferiority test. Group A’s non-inferiority would be accepted if the lower limit of the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the difference in the mean number of arrested decayed surfaces (ds) was greater than − 0.5. Results: At baseline, 1,070 children were recruited, and 535 children were assigned to each group. After 30 months, the mean arrested ds in Groups A (n = 447) and B (n = 433) were 3.7 ± 3.6 and 3.6 ± 3.7, respectively (p = 0.694). The difference in the mean arrested ds between the two groups was 0.088 (95 % CI: -0.351 to 0.526). Conclusion: Semi-annual application of 25% AgNO3 followed by 5% NaF is at least as effective as the semi-annual application of 38% SDF in arresting ECC. Clinical significance: Silver and fluoride products are effective in arresting caries. As a simple, non-invasive, and inexpensive strategy, it can be used in young children, elderly adults, and people with special needs. | - |
dc.language | eng | - |
dc.publisher | Elsevier Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jdent | - |
dc.relation.ispartof | Journal of Dentistry | - |
dc.rights | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. | - |
dc.subject | Children | - |
dc.subject | Early childhood caries | - |
dc.subject | Silver diamine fluoride | - |
dc.subject | Sodium fluoride | - |
dc.subject | Silver nitrate | - |
dc.title | Arresting early childhood caries using silver and fluoride products – A randomised trial | - |
dc.type | Article | - |
dc.identifier.email | Gao, SS: sherryg@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.email | Duangthip, D: dduang@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.email | Wong, MCM: mcmwong@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.email | Lo, ECM: edward-lo@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.email | Chu, CH: chchu@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Gao, SS=rp02662 | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Duangthip, D=rp02457 | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Wong, MCM=rp00024 | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Lo, ECM=rp00015 | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Chu, CH=rp00022 | - |
dc.description.nature | published_or_final_version | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.jdent.2020.103522 | - |
dc.identifier.pmid | 33166594 | - |
dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-85096399107 | - |
dc.identifier.hkuros | 322046 | - |
dc.identifier.volume | 103 | - |
dc.identifier.spage | article no. 103522 | - |
dc.identifier.epage | article no. 103522 | - |
dc.identifier.isi | WOS:000600291800010 | - |
dc.publisher.place | United Kingdom | - |