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- Publisher Website: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104883
- Scopus: eid_2-s2.0-85078502986
- PMID: 32072987
- WOS: WOS:000520610400008
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Article: Molecular adaptation of molluscan biomineralisation to high-CO2 oceans – The known and the unknown
Title | Molecular adaptation of molluscan biomineralisation to high-CO2 oceans – The known and the unknown |
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Authors | |
Keywords | Ocean acidification Biomineralisation Shell proteinsIon transporters Adaptation Gene expression |
Issue Date | 2020 |
Publisher | Elsevier Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/marenvrev |
Citation | Marine Environmental Research, 2020, v. 155, p. article no. 104883 How to Cite? |
Abstract | High-CO2 induced ocean acidification (OA) reduces the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) saturation level (Ω) and the pH of oceans. Consequently, OA is causing a serious threat to several ecologically and economically important biomineralising molluscs. Biomineralisation is a highly controlled biochemical process by which molluscs deposit their calcareous structures. In this process, shell matrix proteins aid the nucleation, growth and assemblage of the CaCO3 crystals in the shell. These molluscan shell proteins (MSPs) are, ultimately, responsible for determination of the diverse shell microstructures and mechanical strength. Recent studies have attempted to integrate gene and protein expression data of MSPs with shell structure and mechanical properties. These advances made in understanding the molecular mechanism of biomineralisation suggest that molluscs either succumb or adapt to OA stress. In this review, we discuss the fate of biomineralisation process in future high-CO2 oceans and its ultimate impact on the mineralised shell's structure and mechanical properties from the perspectives of limited substrate availability theory, proton flux limitation model and the omega myth theory.
Furthermore, studying the interplay of energy availability and differential gene expression is an essential first step towards understanding adaptation of molluscan biomineralisation to OA, because if there is a need to change gene expression under stressors, any living system would require more energy than usual. To conclude, we have listed, four important future research directions for molecular adaptation of molluscan biomineralisation in high-CO2 oceans: 1) Including an energy budgeting factor while understanding differential gene expression of MSPs and ion transporters under OA. 2) Unraveling the genetic or epigenetic changes related to biomineralisation under stressors to help solving a bigger picture about future evolution of molluscs, and 3) Understanding Post Translational Modifications of MSPs with and without stressors. 4) Understanding carbon uptake mechanisms across taxa with and without OA to clarify the OA theories on Ω. |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/294634 |
ISSN | 2023 Impact Factor: 3.0 2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.876 |
ISI Accession Number ID |
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Rajan, KC | - |
dc.contributor.author | Vengatesen, T | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2020-12-08T07:39:44Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2020-12-08T07:39:44Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2020 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Marine Environmental Research, 2020, v. 155, p. article no. 104883 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 0141-1136 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/294634 | - |
dc.description.abstract | High-CO2 induced ocean acidification (OA) reduces the calcium carbonate (CaCO3) saturation level (Ω) and the pH of oceans. Consequently, OA is causing a serious threat to several ecologically and economically important biomineralising molluscs. Biomineralisation is a highly controlled biochemical process by which molluscs deposit their calcareous structures. In this process, shell matrix proteins aid the nucleation, growth and assemblage of the CaCO3 crystals in the shell. These molluscan shell proteins (MSPs) are, ultimately, responsible for determination of the diverse shell microstructures and mechanical strength. Recent studies have attempted to integrate gene and protein expression data of MSPs with shell structure and mechanical properties. These advances made in understanding the molecular mechanism of biomineralisation suggest that molluscs either succumb or adapt to OA stress. In this review, we discuss the fate of biomineralisation process in future high-CO2 oceans and its ultimate impact on the mineralised shell's structure and mechanical properties from the perspectives of limited substrate availability theory, proton flux limitation model and the omega myth theory. Furthermore, studying the interplay of energy availability and differential gene expression is an essential first step towards understanding adaptation of molluscan biomineralisation to OA, because if there is a need to change gene expression under stressors, any living system would require more energy than usual. To conclude, we have listed, four important future research directions for molecular adaptation of molluscan biomineralisation in high-CO2 oceans: 1) Including an energy budgeting factor while understanding differential gene expression of MSPs and ion transporters under OA. 2) Unraveling the genetic or epigenetic changes related to biomineralisation under stressors to help solving a bigger picture about future evolution of molluscs, and 3) Understanding Post Translational Modifications of MSPs with and without stressors. 4) Understanding carbon uptake mechanisms across taxa with and without OA to clarify the OA theories on Ω. | - |
dc.language | eng | - |
dc.publisher | Elsevier Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/marenvrev | - |
dc.relation.ispartof | Marine Environmental Research | - |
dc.subject | Ocean acidification | - |
dc.subject | Biomineralisation | - |
dc.subject | Shell proteinsIon transporters | - |
dc.subject | Adaptation | - |
dc.subject | Gene expression | - |
dc.title | Molecular adaptation of molluscan biomineralisation to high-CO2 oceans – The known and the unknown | - |
dc.type | Article | - |
dc.identifier.email | Vengatesen, T: rajan@hkucc.hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Vengatesen, T=rp00796 | - |
dc.description.nature | link_to_subscribed_fulltext | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.104883 | - |
dc.identifier.pmid | 32072987 | - |
dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-85078502986 | - |
dc.identifier.hkuros | 320389 | - |
dc.identifier.volume | 155 | - |
dc.identifier.spage | article no. 104883 | - |
dc.identifier.epage | article no. 104883 | - |
dc.identifier.isi | WOS:000520610400008 | - |
dc.publisher.place | United Kingdom | - |
dc.identifier.issnl | 0141-1136 | - |