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- Publisher Website: 10.1038/s41430-020-0588-5
- Scopus: eid_2-s2.0-85081615651
- PMID: 32132674
- WOS: WOS:000518096900001
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Article: Effects of tryptophan, serotonin, and kynurenine on ischemic heart diseases and its risk factors: a Mendelian Randomization study
Title | Effects of tryptophan, serotonin, and kynurenine on ischemic heart diseases and its risk factors: a Mendelian Randomization study |
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Authors | |
Keywords | adult blood pressure cardiovascular risk cohort analysis controlled study |
Issue Date | 2020 |
Publisher | Nature Publishing Group. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.nature.com/ejcn |
Citation | European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2020, v. 74 n. 4, p. 613-621 How to Cite? |
Abstract | Background/objectives:
Tryptophan is an essential amino acid that must be obtained from dietary items, such as dairy products, eggs, nuts, legumes, and grains, which are rich in tryptophan. It has also been suggested as a dietary supplement to improve mental health. Observationally plasma tryptophan is inversely associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD), however, its main metabolites, serotonin, and kynurenine are positively associated with IHD, which makes the effects of tryptophan difficult to infer. This study aimed to obtain less-confounded estimates of the associations of tryptophan and physiologically related factors (serotonin and kynurenine) with IHD, its risk factors and depression.
Subjects/methods:
We used a two-sample Mendelian Randomization study design. We used genetic instruments independently associated with tryptophan, serotonin, and kynurenine metabolites applied to a meta-analysis of the UK Biobank SOFT CAD study with the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consortium (cases n ≤ 76,014 and controls n ≤ 264,785), and other consortia for risk factors including diabetes, lipids, and blood pressure, as well as for depression. We combined genetic variant-specific estimates using inverse variance weighting, with MR-Egger, the weighted median and MR-PRESSO as sensitivity analyses.
Results:
Tryptophan and serotonin were not associated with IHD. Kynurenine was nominally and positively associated with IHD (odds ratio 1.57 per standard deviation, 95% confidence interval 1.05–2.33) but not after correction for multiple comparisons. Associations with IHD risk factors and depression were null.
Conclusions:
We cannot exclude the possibility that one of the main metabolites of tryptophan, kynurenine, might be positively associated with IHD. Further studies are needed to confirm any association and underlying mechanism. |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/293655 |
ISSN | 2023 Impact Factor: 3.6 2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.168 |
ISI Accession Number ID |
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | LI, M | - |
dc.contributor.author | Kwok, MK | - |
dc.contributor.author | Fong, SM | - |
dc.contributor.author | Schooling, CM | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2020-11-23T08:19:54Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2020-11-23T08:19:54Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2020 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2020, v. 74 n. 4, p. 613-621 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 0954-3007 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/293655 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Background/objectives: Tryptophan is an essential amino acid that must be obtained from dietary items, such as dairy products, eggs, nuts, legumes, and grains, which are rich in tryptophan. It has also been suggested as a dietary supplement to improve mental health. Observationally plasma tryptophan is inversely associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD), however, its main metabolites, serotonin, and kynurenine are positively associated with IHD, which makes the effects of tryptophan difficult to infer. This study aimed to obtain less-confounded estimates of the associations of tryptophan and physiologically related factors (serotonin and kynurenine) with IHD, its risk factors and depression. Subjects/methods: We used a two-sample Mendelian Randomization study design. We used genetic instruments independently associated with tryptophan, serotonin, and kynurenine metabolites applied to a meta-analysis of the UK Biobank SOFT CAD study with the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consortium (cases n ≤ 76,014 and controls n ≤ 264,785), and other consortia for risk factors including diabetes, lipids, and blood pressure, as well as for depression. We combined genetic variant-specific estimates using inverse variance weighting, with MR-Egger, the weighted median and MR-PRESSO as sensitivity analyses. Results: Tryptophan and serotonin were not associated with IHD. Kynurenine was nominally and positively associated with IHD (odds ratio 1.57 per standard deviation, 95% confidence interval 1.05–2.33) but not after correction for multiple comparisons. Associations with IHD risk factors and depression were null. Conclusions: We cannot exclude the possibility that one of the main metabolites of tryptophan, kynurenine, might be positively associated with IHD. Further studies are needed to confirm any association and underlying mechanism. | - |
dc.language | eng | - |
dc.publisher | Nature Publishing Group. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.nature.com/ejcn | - |
dc.relation.ispartof | European Journal of Clinical Nutrition | - |
dc.rights | This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in [insert journal title]. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/[insert DOI] | - |
dc.subject | adult | - |
dc.subject | blood pressure | - |
dc.subject | cardiovascular risk | - |
dc.subject | cohort analysis | - |
dc.subject | controlled study | - |
dc.title | Effects of tryptophan, serotonin, and kynurenine on ischemic heart diseases and its risk factors: a Mendelian Randomization study | - |
dc.type | Article | - |
dc.identifier.email | Kwok, MK: maggiek@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.email | Fong, SM: smfong@hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.email | Schooling, CM: cms1@hkucc.hku.hk | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Kwok, MK=rp02051 | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Fong, SM=rp01759 | - |
dc.identifier.authority | Schooling, CM=rp00504 | - |
dc.description.nature | link_to_subscribed_fulltext | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1038/s41430-020-0588-5 | - |
dc.identifier.pmid | 32132674 | - |
dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-85081615651 | - |
dc.identifier.hkuros | 319543 | - |
dc.identifier.volume | 74 | - |
dc.identifier.issue | 4 | - |
dc.identifier.spage | 613 | - |
dc.identifier.epage | 621 | - |
dc.identifier.isi | WOS:000518096900001 | - |
dc.publisher.place | United Kingdom | - |
dc.identifier.issnl | 0954-3007 | - |