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Article: Realgar and cinnabar are essential components contributing to neuroprotection of Angong Niuhuang Wan with no hepatorenal toxicity in transient ischemic brain injury

TitleRealgar and cinnabar are essential components contributing to neuroprotection of Angong Niuhuang Wan with no hepatorenal toxicity in transient ischemic brain injury
Authors
KeywordsAngong Niuhuang Wan
Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury
Cinnabar
Heavy metal toxicity
Realgar
Issue Date2019
PublisherAcademic Press. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/taap
Citation
Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2019, v. 377, p. 114613 How to Cite?
AbstractRealgar and cinnabar are commonly used mineral medicine containing arsenic and mercury in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Angong Niuhuang Wan (AGNHW) is a representative realgar- and cinnabar-containing TCM formula for treating acute ischemic stroke, but its toxicology and neuropharmacological effects are not well addressed. In this study, we compared the neuropharmacological effects of AGNHW and modified AGNHW in an experimental ischemic stroke rat model. Male SD rats were subjected to 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) plus 22 h of reperfusion. Although oral administration of AGNHW for 7 days in the rats increased arsenic level in the blood and liver tissue, there were no significant changes in the arsenic level in kidney, mercury level in the blood, liver and kidney as well as hepatic and renal functions in MCAO rats. AGNHW revealed neuroprotective properties by reducing infarction volume, preserving blood-brain barrier integrity and improving neurological functions against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Interestingly, removing realgar and/or cinnabar from AGNHW abolished the neuroprotective effects. Meanwhile, AGNHW could scavenge peroxynitrite, down-regulate the expression of p47phox, 3-NT and MMP-9 and up-regulate the expression of ZO-1 and claudin-5 in the ischemic brains, which were abolished by removing realgar and/or cinnabar from AGNHW. Notably, realgar or cinnabar had no neuroprotection when used alone. Taken together, oral administration of AGNHW for one week should be safe for treating ischemic stroke with neuroprotective effects. Realgar and cinnabar are necessary elements with synergetic actions with other herbal materials for the neuroprotective effects of AGNHW against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. © 2019
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/274576
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 3.3
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.788
ISI Accession Number ID

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorTsoi, B-
dc.contributor.authorWang, S-
dc.contributor.authorGao, C-
dc.contributor.authorLuo, Y-
dc.contributor.authorLI, W-
dc.contributor.authorYang, D-
dc.contributor.authorYang, D-
dc.contributor.authorShen, J-
dc.date.accessioned2019-08-18T15:04:32Z-
dc.date.available2019-08-18T15:04:32Z-
dc.date.issued2019-
dc.identifier.citationToxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2019, v. 377, p. 114613-
dc.identifier.issn0041-008X-
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/274576-
dc.description.abstractRealgar and cinnabar are commonly used mineral medicine containing arsenic and mercury in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Angong Niuhuang Wan (AGNHW) is a representative realgar- and cinnabar-containing TCM formula for treating acute ischemic stroke, but its toxicology and neuropharmacological effects are not well addressed. In this study, we compared the neuropharmacological effects of AGNHW and modified AGNHW in an experimental ischemic stroke rat model. Male SD rats were subjected to 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) plus 22 h of reperfusion. Although oral administration of AGNHW for 7 days in the rats increased arsenic level in the blood and liver tissue, there were no significant changes in the arsenic level in kidney, mercury level in the blood, liver and kidney as well as hepatic and renal functions in MCAO rats. AGNHW revealed neuroprotective properties by reducing infarction volume, preserving blood-brain barrier integrity and improving neurological functions against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Interestingly, removing realgar and/or cinnabar from AGNHW abolished the neuroprotective effects. Meanwhile, AGNHW could scavenge peroxynitrite, down-regulate the expression of p47phox, 3-NT and MMP-9 and up-regulate the expression of ZO-1 and claudin-5 in the ischemic brains, which were abolished by removing realgar and/or cinnabar from AGNHW. Notably, realgar or cinnabar had no neuroprotection when used alone. Taken together, oral administration of AGNHW for one week should be safe for treating ischemic stroke with neuroprotective effects. Realgar and cinnabar are necessary elements with synergetic actions with other herbal materials for the neuroprotective effects of AGNHW against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. © 2019-
dc.languageeng-
dc.publisherAcademic Press. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/taap-
dc.relation.ispartofToxicology and Applied Pharmacology-
dc.subjectAngong Niuhuang Wan-
dc.subjectCerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury-
dc.subjectCinnabar-
dc.subjectHeavy metal toxicity-
dc.subjectRealgar-
dc.titleRealgar and cinnabar are essential components contributing to neuroprotection of Angong Niuhuang Wan with no hepatorenal toxicity in transient ischemic brain injury-
dc.typeArticle-
dc.identifier.emailTsoi, B: amytsoi@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailGao, C: colingao@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailYang, D: yangdan@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.emailShen, J: shenjg@hku.hk-
dc.identifier.authorityYang, D=rp00825-
dc.identifier.authorityShen, J=rp00487-
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.taap.2019.114613-
dc.identifier.pmid31207256-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-85067918778-
dc.identifier.hkuros301284-
dc.identifier.volume377-
dc.identifier.spage114613-
dc.identifier.epage114613-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000477092600015-
dc.publisher.placeUnited States-
dc.identifier.issnl0041-008X-

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