Camelina Sativa Oil, Fatty Fish, and Lean Fish Do Not Markedly Affect Urinary Prostanoids in Subjects with Impaired Glucose Metabolism

Abstract

Dietary fatty acids are suggested to affect oxidative stress; however, results from interventions have been inconclusive. The aim was to examine if fatty fish, lean fish, and Camelina sativa oil (CSO) affect the urinary prostanoid levels in subjects with impaired glucose metabolism. Altogether 79 participants aged 43–72 years completed a randomized controlled study lasting 12 weeks. There were four parallel groups, fatty fish, lean fish (four fish meals/week in both), CSO providing 10 g/day alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA), and control diet with limited fish and ALA containing oil consumption. Urinary prostanoids (prostaglandin F2α, 5‐F2t‐isoprostanes and 15‐F2t‐isoprostane metabolites, isofuran, 8‐F3t‐isoprostanes, and 4‐(RS)‐4‐F4t‐neuroprostane) of 72 participants (age: mean (±SD) 58.9 ± 6.5 years; body mass index: 29.3 ± 2.5 kg/m2) collected over 12‐h were measured using liquid chromatography tandem‐mass spectrometry. Plasma phospholipid fatty acids were determined using gas chromatography. Our study showed that the proportion of ALA in plasma phospholipids increased in the CSO group (overall difference among the groups p‐value <0.001). In the fatty fish group, proportions of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids increased (overall p‐value <0.001 for both). Prostaglandin F2α was higher in the CSO group than in the control group (p < 0.05), however, there were no other significant changes in urinary excretion of other prostanoids among the study groups. At baseline, arachidonic acid in plasma phospholipids was positively (r = 0.247, p < 0.05) and ALA negatively (r = −0.326, p < 0.05) associated with urinary total isoprostanes. In conclusion, CSO, fatty fish, and lean fish consumption do not cause major changes in oxidative stress markers in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance.