Robust plasmonic hot-spots in a metamaterial lattice for enhanced sensitivity of infrared molecular detection

Abstract

© 2017 Author(s). High-density and long-lived plasmonic hot-spots are an ideal system for high-sensitive surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA), but these conditions are usually incompatible due to unwanted near-field coupling between the adjacent unit structures. Here, by fully controlling plasmonic interference in a metamaterial lattice, we experimentally demonstrate densely packed long-lived quadrupole plasmons for high-sensitive SEIRA. The metamaterial consists of a strongly coupled array of super- and sub-radiant plasmonic elements to exhibit an electromagnetic transparency mode at 1730 cm-1, which spectrally overlaps with the C=O vibrational mode. In the SEIRA measurement, the C=O mode of poly(methyl methacrylate) molecules is clearly observed as a distinct dip within a transmission peak of the metamaterial. The corresponding numerical simulations reveal that constructive interference uniformly forms coherent quadrupole plasmons over the metamaterial lattice, leading to a stronger molecular signal from the system. Our metamaterial approach provides a robust way to construct ideal hot-spots over the sample, paving the way toward a reliable sensing platform of advanced infrared inspection technologies.