Neural correlates of spatial location mapping on the Simon effect in Mandarin speakers

Abstract

The aim of study is to investigate the neural mechanisms by which experience influences cognitive control in native Mandarin speakers using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) in a Simon location task. Results showed brain regions involved in motor control (precentral and postcentral gyri) were less activated after practice. In contrast, brain regions involved in selection of conflict response (left inferior frontal gyrus), attentional control (inferior parietal lobule) and working memory (inferior frontal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus and insula lobe) were more activated after practice. The results suggest that learning an incompatible spatial location mapping during practice increased demand for response inhibition. Furthermore, the data reveal the involvement of verbal working memory during motor learning in the Simon spatial location mapping task in Chinese speakers.