NADPH oxidase (CYBA) and FcγR polymorphisms as risk factors for aggressive periodontitis: A case-control association study

Abstract

Introduction: Neutrophils (PMN) in aggressive periodontitis (AgP) patients have been reported to be hyperactive especially with regards to superoxide production. Polymorphisms in genes influencing PMN function have been proposed as candidate risk factors for AgP. The aim of this study was to test the association of specific gene polymorphisms affecting PMN functions with AgP. Material and Methods: Two hundred and twenty-four patients with confirmed diagnosis of AgP and 231 subjects with healthy periodontium took part in the study. A blood sample was collected from subjects and genotypes for p22 phox (CYBA) NADPH oxidase, FP, Fcα and Fcγ receptors were analysed in a blind fashion. Results: The C242T p22phox NADPH oxidase T allele was significantly associated with AgP in a multiple logistic regression model adjusting for confounders, and this was observed for all subjects [p = 0.002, odds ratio (OR) = 1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.27 - 2.83] and Caucasians (p = 0.009, OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.20-3.59). Concomitant presence of C242T p22phox NADPH oxidase T allele and FcγRIIIb NA1 homozygosity was associated with the generalized AgP phenotype in Caucasians (p = 0.001, OR = 30.35, 95% CI = 3.81 - 241.97). Conclusions: C242T p22 phox NADPH oxidase and FcγR polymorphisms may predispose to AgP through a modulation of neutrophil superoxide production. © 2006 The Authors.