Modelling Gas and PM Pollutant Dispersion in Urban Environments

Abstract

Dispersion of gas and particulate matter (PM) pollutant in urban environments is a rising concern. Physical and numerical modelling is extremely challenging due to a number of parameters involved including the turbulence nature and complex physical and/or chemical processes. The paper attempts to review the latest advances on this topic. The major contents are: using generic geometry models to understand the mechanism, coupling meso-scale (weather scale) and micro-scale (street scale) lareg-eddy simulations, effects of thermal stratification, effects of tall buildings, modelling extreme pollutant concentration in extreme conditions and coupling chemistry with turbulence. This paper focuses more on the progress of the numerical model study in the UK and Europe.

城市大氣邊界層中污染物傳輸擴散,包括氣相和微顆粒(PM),是一個日益關注的問題.本文結合筆者及合著者近些年來的工作,試圖綜述在這方面研究的最新進展.其中主要有,天氣尺度(meso-scale)和街道尺度耦合的大渦模擬,溫度穩定性層結效應,高層建筑的影響,在極端天氣下的污染物濃度極值的預報,化學反應和湍流的耦合計算和氣溶膠動力學過程.本文側重于英國和歐洲的數值模型研究的進展情況。