稀見中國小說書目十種綜論

Abstract

Ever since the Qing Dynasty, bibliography had become the key of the Chinese academia. In the arena of fiction studies, Huang Ren of the late Qing had already compiled a catalog of historical fictions in his Xiaoshuo Xiaohua. By the Republic Era, Sun Jia-di became the first scholar to apply the systematic approach of bibliographic science in the study of ancient Chinese fictions. In 1932 Sun published a summarizing catalog of the Chinese fictions preserved in the libraries of Tokyo, Japan and Dalian, China. The preliminary list, after various amendments and reprints, was finally known as the Zhongguo Tongsu Xiaoshuo Shumu, a bibliotheca which laid a solid foundation for the bibliography of Chinese ancient fictions. In the past twenty years, scholars complemented on Sun’s research and compiled a few new catalogs like Zhongguo Tongsu Xiaoshuo Tiyao, Zhongguo Gudai Xiaoshuo Zongmu, etc. As reference books or academic tools, these fiction catalogs are convenient to use. However, they also have their own disadvantages, which are mainly 1) Showing no original of the source catalogs due to the entry rearrangement by strokes or pinyin; 2) Omitting ancient Chinese-written fictions from Japan, Korea, r Vietnam). The research is hereby to introduce 10 most important rare pieces of the Chinese fiction catalogs found in the past decades. Based on the literature review of the existed studies, this paper tried to restore the compilers as well as the compiling history of these catalogs, but also to look into the value and significance behind, as well as the necessity of studies on them. Moreover, the research argues that a comprehensive study of comparative approaches would be the prerequisite to understand the importance lying in the fiction catalogs from the marginal countries of the Sinosphere, as well as the divergence between them and those catalogs by Chinese scholars in terms of intentions and cultural backgrounds. 有清一代，乾、嘉學者均以目錄學為研治學問的不二法門。迄至晚清，黃人《小說小話》已自編撰歷史小說目錄。民國以來，孫楷第率先以目錄學方法全面整理、研究古代小說，並訪書於日本、大連等地，年編撰出版《日本東京大連圖書館 1932 所見中國小說書目提要》，其後屢經修訂乃以《中國通俗小說書目》成定本行世，為中國古代小說目錄學奠定基礎。 近二十年來，學術界又在孫氏的基礎上，編纂《中國通俗小說總目提要》、《中國古代小說總目》（文言、白話）等，確實便於學者翻檢、參考。然而，此類工具書因將歷來的小說書目化整為零，以筆劃或拼音重新編排，遂使原書面貌頓失；又因時間倉促，未能盡錄由日本、韓國、越南等「漢字文化圈」國家古代文人編撰的小說書目，頗有不足。因此，本文於近數十年來新發現之中國小說書目，擇其重要及稀見者，諸如黃人《小說小話》、齊如山《小說勾陳》、《齊如山舊藏小說戲曲書目》、馬廉《不登大雅文庫書目》、天津師大藏抄本《缺名戲曲小說目錄》、《王古魯藏書目錄》、韓國《中國小說繪模本》、韓國《小說經覽者》、日本《小說字彙‧援引書目》、越南黎貴惇《北使通錄》等十種，結合學術界的研究成果，從小說書目的編纂者、編纂過程、價值與意義等，進行全面性的綜合論述與探討，企圖驗證對於諸種小說書目原本閱讀與研究的必要性。此外，本文認為也只有在進行綜合論述與比較研究的情況下，才能體現「漢字文化圈」國家小說書目的重要性，以及中、外文人著錄小說書目的目的性和文化差異性。