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Article: LC/UV/ESI-MS Analysis of Isoflavones in Edamame and Tofu Soybeans

TitleLC/UV/ESI-MS Analysis of Isoflavones in Edamame and Tofu Soybeans
Authors
KeywordsDaidzein
Genistein
Glycine max (L.)
Glycitein
Isoflavones
LC/UV/MSD
Issue Date2004
PublisherAmerican Chemical Society. The Journal's web site is located at http://pubs.acs.org/journal/jafcau
Citation
Journal Of Agricultural And Food Chemistry, 2004, v. 52 n. 10, p. 2763-2769 How to Cite?
AbstractHigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviviolet and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC/UV/ESI-MSD) was applied to the study of isoflavones in both Edamame and Tofu soy varieties, from which the immature fresh soybeans or the mature soybean seeds are consumed, respectively. Positive atmospheric pressure interface (API) MS and MS/MS were used to provide molecular mass information and led to the identification of a total 16 isoflavones, including three aglycones, three glycosides, two glycoside acetates, and eight glycoside malonates. The major isoflavones in soybean seeds were daidzein and genistein glycoside and their malonate conjugates. Trace levels of daidzein and genistein acetyl glycosides were found only in the mature dry soybean seeds. To facilitate quantitative analysis, acid hydrolysis during extraction of soy samples was selected to convert the various phytoestrogen conjugates into their respective isoflavone aglycones, allowing accurate quantitation of total phytoestrogens as aglycones. On the basis of HPLC combined with UV and MS detection, all three targeted soy isoflavone aglycones, daidzein, genistein and glycitein in hydrolyzed extracts were successfully quantified within 25 min with formononetin used as the internal standard. The standard curves of UV detection were fitted in the range of 14.16-29000 ng/mL for daidzein, 15.38-31500 ng/mL for genistein, and 11. 72-24000 ng/mL for glycitein. For MS detection, the standard curves were established in the range of 3.54-1812.5 ng/mL for daidzein, 3.85-1968.75 ng/mL for genistein, and 2.93-1500 ng/mL for glycitein. Good linearities (r 2 > 0.999 for UV and r 2 > 0.99 for MS) for standard curves were achieved for each isoflavone. The accuracy and precision (RSD) were within 10% for UV detection and 15% for MS detection (n = 10). Using this method, the phytoestrogen levels of total isoflavone aglycones from 30 soybean seed varieties were then evaluated for confirmation of the technique. Total isoflavones ranged across the varieties from 0.02 to 0.12% in the Edamame varieties, which are harvested while the seeds are still immature, and from 0. 16 to 0.25% in Tofu varieties, harvested when the seeds are physiologically mature. While the literature has focused on the isoflavone content of soy products and processing soy, this report provides a reliable analytical technique for screening of authenticated fresh immature Edamame soybeans and Tofu soybeans.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/178901
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 5.7
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.114
ISI Accession Number ID
References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorWu, Qen_US
dc.contributor.authorWang, Men_US
dc.contributor.authorSciarappa, WJen_US
dc.contributor.authorSimon, JEen_US
dc.date.accessioned2012-12-19T09:50:35Z-
dc.date.available2012-12-19T09:50:35Z-
dc.date.issued2004en_US
dc.identifier.citationJournal Of Agricultural And Food Chemistry, 2004, v. 52 n. 10, p. 2763-2769en_US
dc.identifier.issn0021-8561en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/178901-
dc.description.abstractHigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviviolet and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC/UV/ESI-MSD) was applied to the study of isoflavones in both Edamame and Tofu soy varieties, from which the immature fresh soybeans or the mature soybean seeds are consumed, respectively. Positive atmospheric pressure interface (API) MS and MS/MS were used to provide molecular mass information and led to the identification of a total 16 isoflavones, including three aglycones, three glycosides, two glycoside acetates, and eight glycoside malonates. The major isoflavones in soybean seeds were daidzein and genistein glycoside and their malonate conjugates. Trace levels of daidzein and genistein acetyl glycosides were found only in the mature dry soybean seeds. To facilitate quantitative analysis, acid hydrolysis during extraction of soy samples was selected to convert the various phytoestrogen conjugates into their respective isoflavone aglycones, allowing accurate quantitation of total phytoestrogens as aglycones. On the basis of HPLC combined with UV and MS detection, all three targeted soy isoflavone aglycones, daidzein, genistein and glycitein in hydrolyzed extracts were successfully quantified within 25 min with formononetin used as the internal standard. The standard curves of UV detection were fitted in the range of 14.16-29000 ng/mL for daidzein, 15.38-31500 ng/mL for genistein, and 11. 72-24000 ng/mL for glycitein. For MS detection, the standard curves were established in the range of 3.54-1812.5 ng/mL for daidzein, 3.85-1968.75 ng/mL for genistein, and 2.93-1500 ng/mL for glycitein. Good linearities (r 2 > 0.999 for UV and r 2 > 0.99 for MS) for standard curves were achieved for each isoflavone. The accuracy and precision (RSD) were within 10% for UV detection and 15% for MS detection (n = 10). Using this method, the phytoestrogen levels of total isoflavone aglycones from 30 soybean seed varieties were then evaluated for confirmation of the technique. Total isoflavones ranged across the varieties from 0.02 to 0.12% in the Edamame varieties, which are harvested while the seeds are still immature, and from 0. 16 to 0.25% in Tofu varieties, harvested when the seeds are physiologically mature. While the literature has focused on the isoflavone content of soy products and processing soy, this report provides a reliable analytical technique for screening of authenticated fresh immature Edamame soybeans and Tofu soybeans.en_US
dc.languageengen_US
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Society. The Journal's web site is located at http://pubs.acs.org/journal/jafcauen_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistryen_US
dc.subjectDaidzein-
dc.subjectGenistein-
dc.subjectGlycine max (L.)-
dc.subjectGlycitein-
dc.subjectIsoflavones-
dc.subjectLC/UV/MSD-
dc.subject.meshChromatography, High Pressure Liquid - Methodsen_US
dc.subject.meshIsoflavones - Analysisen_US
dc.subject.meshSeeds - Chemistryen_US
dc.subject.meshSoy Foods - Analysisen_US
dc.subject.meshSoybeans - Chemistryen_US
dc.subject.meshSpectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization - Methodsen_US
dc.titleLC/UV/ESI-MS Analysis of Isoflavones in Edamame and Tofu Soybeansen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.identifier.emailWang, M: mfwang@hku.hken_US
dc.identifier.authorityWang, M=rp00800en_US
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltexten_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1021/jf035053pen_US
dc.identifier.pmid15137811-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-2442543529en_US
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-2442543529&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_US
dc.identifier.volume52en_US
dc.identifier.issue10en_US
dc.identifier.spage2763en_US
dc.identifier.epage2769en_US
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000221419500004-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Statesen_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridWu, Q=7404602467en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridWang, M=7406691844en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridSciarappa, WJ=8661007000en_US
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridSimon, JE=7403956069en_US
dc.identifier.issnl0021-8561-

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