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Article: Degradation and mineralization of cellulose acetate in simulated thermophilic compost environments
Title | Degradation and mineralization of cellulose acetate in simulated thermophilic compost environments |
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Authors | |
Keywords | Biodegradation Testing Cellulose Acetate Degree Of Substitution Molecular Weight Municipal Solid Waste Polymer Degradation Polymer Mineralization Respirometry Surface Colonization |
Issue Date | 1993 |
Citation | Journal Of Environmental Polymer Degradation, 1993, v. 1 n. 4, p. 281-291 How to Cite? |
Abstract | Residual cellulose acetate (CA) films with initial degree of substitution (DS) values of 1.7 and 2.5 (CA DS-1.7 and DS-2.5) were recovered from a simulated thermophilic compost exposure and characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine changes in polymer molecular weight and DS and to study microbial colonization and surface morphology, respectively. During the aerobic degradation of CA DS-1.7 and CA DS-2.5 films exposed for 7 and 18 days, respectively, the number-average molecular weight (Mn) of residual polymer decreased by 30.4% on day 5 and 20.3% on day 16, respectively. Furthermore, a decrease in the degree of substitution from 1.69 to 1.27 (4-day exposure) and from 2.51 to 2.18 (12-day exposure) was observed for the respective CA samples. In contrast, CA films (DS-1.7 and DS-2.5) which were exposed to abiotic control vessels for identical time periods showed no significant changes in Mn and DS. SEM photographs of CA (DS-1.7 and DS-2.5) film surfaces after compost exposures revealed severe erosion and corresponding microbial colonization. Similar exposure times for CA films in abiotic control vessels resulted in only minor changes in surface characteristics by SEM observations. The conversion of CA DS-1.7 and DS-2.5 to CO2 was monitored by respirometry. In these studies, powdered CA was placed in a predigested compost matrix which was maintained at 53°C and 60% moisture content throughout the incubation period. A lag phase of 10- and 25-day duration for CA DS-1.7 and DS-2.5, respectively, was observed, after which the rate of degradation increased rapidly. Mineralization of exposed CA DS-1.7 and DS-2.5 powders reported as the percentage theoretical CO2 recovered reached 72.4 and 77.6% in 24 and 60 days, respectively. The results of this study demonstrated that microbial degradation of CA films exposed to aerobic thermophilic laboratory-scale compost reactors not only results in film weight loss but also causes severe film pitting and a corresponding decrease in chain Mn and degree of substitution for the residual material. Furthermore, conversions to greater than 70% of the theoretical recovered CO2 for CA (DS 1.7 and 2.5) substrates indicate high degrees of CA mineralization. © 1993 Plenum Publishing Corporation. |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/178555 |
ISSN |
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Gu, JD | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Eberiel, D | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Mccarthy, SP | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Gross, RA | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2012-12-19T09:48:21Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2012-12-19T09:48:21Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 1993 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | Journal Of Environmental Polymer Degradation, 1993, v. 1 n. 4, p. 281-291 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1064-7564 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/178555 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Residual cellulose acetate (CA) films with initial degree of substitution (DS) values of 1.7 and 2.5 (CA DS-1.7 and DS-2.5) were recovered from a simulated thermophilic compost exposure and characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to determine changes in polymer molecular weight and DS and to study microbial colonization and surface morphology, respectively. During the aerobic degradation of CA DS-1.7 and CA DS-2.5 films exposed for 7 and 18 days, respectively, the number-average molecular weight (Mn) of residual polymer decreased by 30.4% on day 5 and 20.3% on day 16, respectively. Furthermore, a decrease in the degree of substitution from 1.69 to 1.27 (4-day exposure) and from 2.51 to 2.18 (12-day exposure) was observed for the respective CA samples. In contrast, CA films (DS-1.7 and DS-2.5) which were exposed to abiotic control vessels for identical time periods showed no significant changes in Mn and DS. SEM photographs of CA (DS-1.7 and DS-2.5) film surfaces after compost exposures revealed severe erosion and corresponding microbial colonization. Similar exposure times for CA films in abiotic control vessels resulted in only minor changes in surface characteristics by SEM observations. The conversion of CA DS-1.7 and DS-2.5 to CO2 was monitored by respirometry. In these studies, powdered CA was placed in a predigested compost matrix which was maintained at 53°C and 60% moisture content throughout the incubation period. A lag phase of 10- and 25-day duration for CA DS-1.7 and DS-2.5, respectively, was observed, after which the rate of degradation increased rapidly. Mineralization of exposed CA DS-1.7 and DS-2.5 powders reported as the percentage theoretical CO2 recovered reached 72.4 and 77.6% in 24 and 60 days, respectively. The results of this study demonstrated that microbial degradation of CA films exposed to aerobic thermophilic laboratory-scale compost reactors not only results in film weight loss but also causes severe film pitting and a corresponding decrease in chain Mn and degree of substitution for the residual material. Furthermore, conversions to greater than 70% of the theoretical recovered CO2 for CA (DS 1.7 and 2.5) substrates indicate high degrees of CA mineralization. © 1993 Plenum Publishing Corporation. | en_US |
dc.language | eng | en_US |
dc.relation.ispartof | Journal of Environmental Polymer Degradation | en_US |
dc.subject | Biodegradation Testing | en_US |
dc.subject | Cellulose Acetate | en_US |
dc.subject | Degree Of Substitution | en_US |
dc.subject | Molecular Weight | en_US |
dc.subject | Municipal Solid Waste | en_US |
dc.subject | Polymer Degradation | en_US |
dc.subject | Polymer Mineralization | en_US |
dc.subject | Respirometry | en_US |
dc.subject | Surface Colonization | en_US |
dc.title | Degradation and mineralization of cellulose acetate in simulated thermophilic compost environments | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
dc.identifier.email | Gu, JD: jdgu@hkucc.hku.hk | en_US |
dc.identifier.authority | Gu, JD=rp00701 | en_US |
dc.description.nature | link_to_subscribed_fulltext | en_US |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1007/BF01458295 | en_US |
dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-0027671727 | en_US |
dc.identifier.volume | 1 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issue | 4 | en_US |
dc.identifier.spage | 281 | en_US |
dc.identifier.epage | 291 | en_US |
dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Gu, JD=7403129601 | en_US |
dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Eberiel, D=6602234796 | en_US |
dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | McCarthy, SP=35431476300 | en_US |
dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Gross, RA=7403099956 | en_US |