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Article: Pharmacogenomics and the Yin/Yang actions of ginseng: Anti-tumor, angiomodulating and steroid-like activities of ginsenosides

TitlePharmacogenomics and the Yin/Yang actions of ginseng: Anti-tumor, angiomodulating and steroid-like activities of ginsenosides
Authors
Issue Date2007
PublisherBioMed Central Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.cmjournal.org/home
Citation
Chinese Medicine, 2007, v. 2 How to Cite?
AbstractIn Chinese medicine, ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) has long been used as a general tonic or an adaptogen to promote longevity and enhance bodily functions. It has also been claimed to be effective in combating stress, fatigue, oxidants, cancer and diabetes mellitus. Most of the pharmacological actions of ginseng are attributed to one type of its constituents, namely the ginsenosides. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the study of ginsenosides on angiogenesis which is related to many pathological conditions including tumor progression and cardiovascular dysfunctions. Angiogenesis in the human body is regulated by two sets of counteracting factors, angiogenic stimulators and inhibitors. The 'Yin and Yang' action of ginseng on angiomodulation was paralleled by the experimental data showing angiogenesis was indeed related to the compositional ratio between ginsenosides Rg 1 and Rb 1. Rg 1 was later found to stimulate angiogenesis through augmenting the production of nitric oxide (NO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Mechanistic studies revealed that such responses were mediated through the PI3K→Akt pathway. By means of DNA microarray, a group of genes related to cell adhesion, migration and cytoskeleton were found to be up-regulated in endothelial cells. These gene products may interact in a hierarchical cascade pattern to modulate cell architectural dynamics which is concomitant to the observed phenomena in angiogenesis. By contrast, the anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects of ginsenosides (e.g. Rg 3 and Rh 2) have been demonstrated in various models of tumor and endothelial cells, indicating that ginsenosides with opposing activities are present in ginseng. Ginsenosides and Panax ginseng extracts have been shown to exert protective effects on vascular dysfunctions, such as hypertension, atherosclerotic disorders and ischemic injury. Recent work has demonstrates the target molecules of ginsenosides to be a group of nuclear steroid hormone receptors. These lines of evidence support that the interaction between ginsenosides and various nuclear steroid hormone receptors may explain the diverse pharmacological activities of ginseng. These findings may also lead to development of more efficacious ginseng-derived therapeutics for angiogenesis-related diseases. © 2007 Yue et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/169851
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 5.3
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.877
References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorYue, PYKen_HK
dc.contributor.authorMak, NKen_HK
dc.contributor.authorCheng, YKen_HK
dc.contributor.authorLeung, KWen_HK
dc.contributor.authorNg, TBen_HK
dc.contributor.authorFan, DTPen_HK
dc.contributor.authorYeung, HWen_HK
dc.contributor.authorWong, RNSen_HK
dc.date.accessioned2012-10-25T04:57:04Z-
dc.date.available2012-10-25T04:57:04Z-
dc.date.issued2007en_HK
dc.identifier.citationChinese Medicine, 2007, v. 2en_HK
dc.identifier.issn1749-8546en_HK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/169851-
dc.description.abstractIn Chinese medicine, ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) has long been used as a general tonic or an adaptogen to promote longevity and enhance bodily functions. It has also been claimed to be effective in combating stress, fatigue, oxidants, cancer and diabetes mellitus. Most of the pharmacological actions of ginseng are attributed to one type of its constituents, namely the ginsenosides. In this review, we focus on the recent advances in the study of ginsenosides on angiogenesis which is related to many pathological conditions including tumor progression and cardiovascular dysfunctions. Angiogenesis in the human body is regulated by two sets of counteracting factors, angiogenic stimulators and inhibitors. The 'Yin and Yang' action of ginseng on angiomodulation was paralleled by the experimental data showing angiogenesis was indeed related to the compositional ratio between ginsenosides Rg 1 and Rb 1. Rg 1 was later found to stimulate angiogenesis through augmenting the production of nitric oxide (NO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Mechanistic studies revealed that such responses were mediated through the PI3K→Akt pathway. By means of DNA microarray, a group of genes related to cell adhesion, migration and cytoskeleton were found to be up-regulated in endothelial cells. These gene products may interact in a hierarchical cascade pattern to modulate cell architectural dynamics which is concomitant to the observed phenomena in angiogenesis. By contrast, the anti-tumor and anti-angiogenic effects of ginsenosides (e.g. Rg 3 and Rh 2) have been demonstrated in various models of tumor and endothelial cells, indicating that ginsenosides with opposing activities are present in ginseng. Ginsenosides and Panax ginseng extracts have been shown to exert protective effects on vascular dysfunctions, such as hypertension, atherosclerotic disorders and ischemic injury. Recent work has demonstrates the target molecules of ginsenosides to be a group of nuclear steroid hormone receptors. These lines of evidence support that the interaction between ginsenosides and various nuclear steroid hormone receptors may explain the diverse pharmacological activities of ginseng. These findings may also lead to development of more efficacious ginseng-derived therapeutics for angiogenesis-related diseases. © 2007 Yue et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.en_HK
dc.languageengen_US
dc.publisherBioMed Central Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.cmjournal.org/homeen_HK
dc.relation.ispartofChinese Medicineen_HK
dc.titlePharmacogenomics and the Yin/Yang actions of ginseng: Anti-tumor, angiomodulating and steroid-like activities of ginsenosidesen_HK
dc.typeArticleen_HK
dc.identifier.emailLeung, KW: kwleung1@hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.authorityLeung, KW=rp01674en_HK
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltexten_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/1749-8546-2-6en_HK
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-34250887454en_HK
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-34250887454&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_HK
dc.identifier.volume2en_HK
dc.publisher.placeUnited Kingdomen_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridYue, PYK=8570616200en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridMak, NK=35587830100en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridCheng, YK=9133925600en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLeung, KW=13106059300en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridNg, TB=35311803300en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridFan, DTP=16645234600en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridYeung, HW=35358636100en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridWong, RNS=7402126957en_HK
dc.identifier.issnl1749-8546-

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