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- PMID: 16387858
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Article: Demonstration of cue recruitment: Change in visual appearance by means of Pavlovian conditioning
Title | Demonstration of cue recruitment: Change in visual appearance by means of Pavlovian conditioning |
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Authors | |
Keywords | Bistable perception Classical conditioning Perceptual learning |
Issue Date | 2006 |
Publisher | National Academy of Sciences. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.pnas.org |
Citation | Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America, 2006, v. 103 n. 2, p. 483-488 How to Cite? |
Abstract | Until half a century ago, associative learning played a fundamental role in theories of perceptual appearance [Berkeley, G. (1709) An Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision (Dublin), 1st Ed.]. But starting in 1955 [Gibson, J. J. & Gibson, E. J. (1955) Psychol. Rev. 62, 32-41], most studies of perceptual learning have not been concerned with association or appearance but rather with improvements in discrimination ability. Here we describe a "cue recruitment" experiment, which is a straightforward adaptation of Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment, that we used to measure changes in visual appearance caused by exposure to novel pairings of signals in visual stimuli. Trainees viewed movies of a rotating wire-frame (Necker) cube. This stimulus is perceptually bistable. On training trials, depth cues (stereo and occlusion) were added to force the perceived direction of rotation. Critically, an additional signal was also added, contingent on rotation direction. Stimuli on test trials contained the new signal but not the depth cues. Over 45 min, two of the three new signals that we tested acquired the ability to bias perceived rotation direction on their own. Results were consistent across the eight trainees in each experiment, and the new cue's effectiveness was long lasting. Whereas most adaptation aftereffects on appearance are opposite in direction to the training stimuli, these effects were positive. An individual new signal can be recruited by the visual system as a cue for the construction of visual appearance. Cue recruitment experiments may prove useful for reexamining of the role of experience in perception. © 2005 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA. |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/169000 |
ISSN | 2023 Impact Factor: 9.4 2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 3.737 |
ISI Accession Number ID | |
References |
DC Field | Value | Language |
---|---|---|
dc.contributor.author | Haijiang, Q | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Saunders, JA | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Stone, RW | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Backus, BT | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2012-10-08T03:40:39Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2012-10-08T03:40:39Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2006 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America, 2006, v. 103 n. 2, p. 483-488 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 0027-8424 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/169000 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Until half a century ago, associative learning played a fundamental role in theories of perceptual appearance [Berkeley, G. (1709) An Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision (Dublin), 1st Ed.]. But starting in 1955 [Gibson, J. J. & Gibson, E. J. (1955) Psychol. Rev. 62, 32-41], most studies of perceptual learning have not been concerned with association or appearance but rather with improvements in discrimination ability. Here we describe a "cue recruitment" experiment, which is a straightforward adaptation of Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment, that we used to measure changes in visual appearance caused by exposure to novel pairings of signals in visual stimuli. Trainees viewed movies of a rotating wire-frame (Necker) cube. This stimulus is perceptually bistable. On training trials, depth cues (stereo and occlusion) were added to force the perceived direction of rotation. Critically, an additional signal was also added, contingent on rotation direction. Stimuli on test trials contained the new signal but not the depth cues. Over 45 min, two of the three new signals that we tested acquired the ability to bias perceived rotation direction on their own. Results were consistent across the eight trainees in each experiment, and the new cue's effectiveness was long lasting. Whereas most adaptation aftereffects on appearance are opposite in direction to the training stimuli, these effects were positive. An individual new signal can be recruited by the visual system as a cue for the construction of visual appearance. Cue recruitment experiments may prove useful for reexamining of the role of experience in perception. © 2005 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA. | en_US |
dc.language | eng | en_US |
dc.publisher | National Academy of Sciences. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.pnas.org | en_US |
dc.relation.ispartof | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | en_US |
dc.subject | Bistable perception | - |
dc.subject | Classical conditioning | - |
dc.subject | Perceptual learning | - |
dc.subject.mesh | Conditioning, Classical - Physiology | en_US |
dc.subject.mesh | Cues | en_US |
dc.subject.mesh | Humans | en_US |
dc.subject.mesh | Models, Neurological | en_US |
dc.subject.mesh | Time Factors | en_US |
dc.subject.mesh | Visual Perception - Physiology | en_US |
dc.title | Demonstration of cue recruitment: Change in visual appearance by means of Pavlovian conditioning | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
dc.identifier.email | Saunders, JA:jsaun@hkucc.hku.hk | en_US |
dc.identifier.authority | Saunders, JA=rp00638 | en_US |
dc.description.nature | link_to_OA_fulltext | en_US |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1073/pnas.0506728103 | en_US |
dc.identifier.pmid | 16387858 | - |
dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-31044437682 | en_US |
dc.relation.references | http://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-31044437682&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpage | en_US |
dc.identifier.volume | 103 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issue | 2 | en_US |
dc.identifier.spage | 483 | en_US |
dc.identifier.epage | 488 | en_US |
dc.identifier.isi | WOS:000234624100042 | - |
dc.publisher.place | United States | en_US |
dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Haijiang, Q=11739876400 | en_US |
dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Saunders, JA=7402341514 | en_US |
dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Stone, RW=11739430300 | en_US |
dc.identifier.scopusauthorid | Backus, BT=7003366612 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citeulike | 3399678 | - |
dc.identifier.issnl | 0027-8424 | - |