Validation of a Chinese version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)

Abstract

Objectives: To translate the original English version of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) into a Chinese version, to validate the translated instrument for use among the elderly in Hong Kong and to derive a Chinese short-form OHIP. Methods: The original English version of OHIP was translated into Chinese. Elderly persons aged 60-80 years were interviewed by two trained interviewers and examined clinically by one of two calibrated dentists. Information on subjects' demographic background and oral health conditions were collected. Results: A total of 586 elderly persons were interviewed and clinically examined. Cronbach's alpha of the translated OHIP subscales ranged from 0.69 to 0.84 and the test-retest correlation coefficient ranged from 0.72 to 0.92. Construct validity of the translated Chinese version was supported by the finding that the OHIP-49 and subscale scores increased as the subject's perceived oral health status changed from healthy to unhealthy. Also, those who had a perceived dental treatment need had higher mean OHIP-49 and subscale scores compared to those who did not. The short-form OHIP derived in this study demonstrated comparable validity and reliability with the full version of OHIP. Conclusion: The translated Chinese version of OHIP demonstrated good validity and reliability. It is available for use by researchers in oral health-related quality of life studies in Chinese elderly populations. In situations where a Chinese short-form of OHIP is desirable, there are now two validated Chinese versions for researchers to choose.