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Article: Copper stabilization via spinel formation during the sintering of simulated copper-laden sludge with aluminum-rich ceramic precursors

TitleCopper stabilization via spinel formation during the sintering of simulated copper-laden sludge with aluminum-rich ceramic precursors
Authors
Issue Date2011
PublisherAmerican Chemical Society. The Journal's web site is located at http://pubs.acs.org/est
Citation
Environmental Science And Technology, 2011, v. 45 n. 8, p. 3598-3604 How to Cite?
AbstractThe feasibility of incorporating copper-laden sludge into low-cost ceramic products, such as construction ceramics, was investigated by sintering simulated copper-laden sludge with four aluminum-rich ceramic precursors. The results indicated that all of these precursors (γ-Al2O3, corundum, kaolinite, mullite) could crystallochemically stabilize the hazardous copper in the more durable copper aluminate spinel (CuAl2O 4) structure. To simulate the process of copper transformation into a spinel structure, CuO was mixed with the four aluminum-rich precursors, and fired at 650-1150 °C for 3 h. The products were examined using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopic techniques. The efficiency of copper transformation among crystalline phases was quantitatively determined through Rietveld refinement analysis of the XRD data. The sintering experiment revealed that the optimal sintering temperature for CuAl2O 4 formation was around 1000 °C and that the efficiency of copper incorporation into the crystalline CuAl2O4 structure after 3 h of sintering ranged from 40 to 95%, depending on the type of aluminum precursor used. Prolonged leaching tests were carried out by using acetic acid with an initial pH value of 2.9 to leach CuO and CuAl2O4 samples for 22 d. The sample leachability analysis revealed that the CuAl 2O4 spinel structure was more superior to stabilize copper, and suggested a promising and reliable technique for incorporating copper-laden sludge or its incineration ash into usable ceramic products. Such results also demonstrated the potential of a waste-to-resource strategy by using waste materials as part of the raw materials with the attainable temperature range used in the production of ceramics. © 2011 American Chemical Society.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/135032
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 10.8
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 3.516
ISI Accession Number ID
Funding AgencyGrant Number
Research Grants Council of Hong KongHKU 716809E
Funding Information:

This work was financially supported by the General Research Fund Scheme of the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (HKU 716809E). We thank Professor Chi-Ming Che at HKU for the use of XRD at the HKU-CAS joint laboratory. The contribution of HiQ-7223 alumina by the Alcoa Corporation is gratefully acknowledged.

References
Grants
Errata

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorTang, Yen_HK
dc.contributor.authorChui, SSYen_HK
dc.contributor.authorShih, Ken_HK
dc.contributor.authorZhang, Len_HK
dc.date.accessioned2011-07-27T01:26:21Z-
dc.date.available2011-07-27T01:26:21Z-
dc.date.issued2011en_HK
dc.identifier.citationEnvironmental Science And Technology, 2011, v. 45 n. 8, p. 3598-3604en_HK
dc.identifier.issn0013-936Xen_HK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/135032-
dc.description.abstractThe feasibility of incorporating copper-laden sludge into low-cost ceramic products, such as construction ceramics, was investigated by sintering simulated copper-laden sludge with four aluminum-rich ceramic precursors. The results indicated that all of these precursors (γ-Al2O3, corundum, kaolinite, mullite) could crystallochemically stabilize the hazardous copper in the more durable copper aluminate spinel (CuAl2O 4) structure. To simulate the process of copper transformation into a spinel structure, CuO was mixed with the four aluminum-rich precursors, and fired at 650-1150 °C for 3 h. The products were examined using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopic techniques. The efficiency of copper transformation among crystalline phases was quantitatively determined through Rietveld refinement analysis of the XRD data. The sintering experiment revealed that the optimal sintering temperature for CuAl2O 4 formation was around 1000 °C and that the efficiency of copper incorporation into the crystalline CuAl2O4 structure after 3 h of sintering ranged from 40 to 95%, depending on the type of aluminum precursor used. Prolonged leaching tests were carried out by using acetic acid with an initial pH value of 2.9 to leach CuO and CuAl2O4 samples for 22 d. The sample leachability analysis revealed that the CuAl 2O4 spinel structure was more superior to stabilize copper, and suggested a promising and reliable technique for incorporating copper-laden sludge or its incineration ash into usable ceramic products. Such results also demonstrated the potential of a waste-to-resource strategy by using waste materials as part of the raw materials with the attainable temperature range used in the production of ceramics. © 2011 American Chemical Society.en_HK
dc.languageengen_US
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Society. The Journal's web site is located at http://pubs.acs.org/esten_HK
dc.relation.ispartofEnvironmental Science and Technologyen_HK
dc.subject.meshAluminum - chemistry-
dc.subject.meshCeramics - chemistry-
dc.subject.meshCopper - chemistry-
dc.subject.meshEnvironmental Pollutants - chemistry-
dc.subject.meshWaste Management - methods-
dc.titleCopper stabilization via spinel formation during the sintering of simulated copper-laden sludge with aluminum-rich ceramic precursorsen_HK
dc.typeArticleen_HK
dc.identifier.emailChui, SSY: chuissy@hkucc.hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.emailShih, K: kshih@hkucc.hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.authorityChui, SSY=rp00686en_HK
dc.identifier.authorityShih, K=rp00167en_HK
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltext-
dc.identifier.doi10.1021/es103596ken_HK
dc.identifier.pmid21428386en_HK
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-79954542144en_HK
dc.identifier.hkuros186429en_US
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-79954542144&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_HK
dc.identifier.volume45en_HK
dc.identifier.issue8en_HK
dc.identifier.spage3598en_HK
dc.identifier.epage3604en_HK
dc.identifier.eissn1520-5851-
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000289341300058-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Statesen_HK
dc.relation.erratumdoi:10.1021/es202699c-
dc.relation.projectSorption of Perfluorochemicals on Sediments and Sludge of Hong Kong-
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridTang, Y=36497711600en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridChui, SSY=8297453100en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridShih, K=14072108900en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridZhang, L=48762361200en_HK
dc.identifier.issnl0013-936X-

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