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Article: Cleavage of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein by airway proteases enhances virus entry into human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro

TitleCleavage of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein by airway proteases enhances virus entry into human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro
Authors
KeywordsChemicals And Cas Registry Numbers
Issue Date2009
PublisherPublic Library of Science. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.plosone.org/home.action
Citation
Plos One, 2009, v. 4 n. 11 How to Cite?
AbstractBackground: Entry of enveloped viruses into host cells requires the activation of viral envelope glycoproteins through cleavage by either intracellular or extracellular proteases. In order to gain insight into the molecular basis of protease cleavage and its impact on the efficiency of viral entry, we investigated the susceptibility of a recombinant native full-length S-protein trimer (triSpike) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) to cleavage by various airway proteases. Methodology/Principal Findings: Purified triSpike proteins were readily cleaved in vitro by three different airway proteases: trypsin, plasmin and TMPRSS11a. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and amino acid sequencing analyses identified two arginine residues (R667 and R797) as potential protease cleavage site(s). The effect of protease-dependent enhancement of SARS-CoV infection was demonstrated with ACE2 expressing human bronchial epithelial cells 16HBE. Airway proteases regulate the infectivity of SARS-CoV in a fashion dependent on previous receptor binding. The role of arginine residues was further shown with mutant constructs (R667A, R797A or R797AR667A). Mutation of R667 or R797 did not affect the expression of S-protein but resulted in a differential efficacy of pseudotyping into SARS-CoVpp. The R667A SARS-CoVpp mutant exhibited a lack of virus entry enhancement following protease treatment. Conclusions/Significance: These results suggest that SARS S-protein is susceptible to airway protease cleavage and, furthermore, that protease mediated enhancement of virus entry depends on specific conformation of SARS S-protein upon ACE2 binding. These data have direct implications for the cell entry mechanism of SARS-CoV along the respiratory system and, furthermore expand the possibility of identifying potential therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV. © 2009 Kam et al.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/132740
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 2.9
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.839
PubMed Central ID
ISI Accession Number ID
References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorKam, YWen_HK
dc.contributor.authorOkumura, Yen_HK
dc.contributor.authorKido, Hen_HK
dc.contributor.authorNg, LFPen_HK
dc.contributor.authorBruzzone, Ren_HK
dc.contributor.authorAltmeyer, Ren_HK
dc.date.accessioned2011-03-28T09:28:41Z-
dc.date.available2011-03-28T09:28:41Z-
dc.date.issued2009en_HK
dc.identifier.citationPlos One, 2009, v. 4 n. 11en_HK
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203en_HK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/132740-
dc.description.abstractBackground: Entry of enveloped viruses into host cells requires the activation of viral envelope glycoproteins through cleavage by either intracellular or extracellular proteases. In order to gain insight into the molecular basis of protease cleavage and its impact on the efficiency of viral entry, we investigated the susceptibility of a recombinant native full-length S-protein trimer (triSpike) of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) to cleavage by various airway proteases. Methodology/Principal Findings: Purified triSpike proteins were readily cleaved in vitro by three different airway proteases: trypsin, plasmin and TMPRSS11a. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and amino acid sequencing analyses identified two arginine residues (R667 and R797) as potential protease cleavage site(s). The effect of protease-dependent enhancement of SARS-CoV infection was demonstrated with ACE2 expressing human bronchial epithelial cells 16HBE. Airway proteases regulate the infectivity of SARS-CoV in a fashion dependent on previous receptor binding. The role of arginine residues was further shown with mutant constructs (R667A, R797A or R797AR667A). Mutation of R667 or R797 did not affect the expression of S-protein but resulted in a differential efficacy of pseudotyping into SARS-CoVpp. The R667A SARS-CoVpp mutant exhibited a lack of virus entry enhancement following protease treatment. Conclusions/Significance: These results suggest that SARS S-protein is susceptible to airway protease cleavage and, furthermore, that protease mediated enhancement of virus entry depends on specific conformation of SARS S-protein upon ACE2 binding. These data have direct implications for the cell entry mechanism of SARS-CoV along the respiratory system and, furthermore expand the possibility of identifying potential therapeutic agents against SARS-CoV. © 2009 Kam et al.en_HK
dc.languageengen_US
dc.publisherPublic Library of Science. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.plosone.org/home.actionen_HK
dc.relation.ispartofPLoS ONEen_HK
dc.subjectChemicals And Cas Registry Numbersen_US
dc.titleCleavage of the SARS coronavirus spike glycoprotein by airway proteases enhances virus entry into human bronchial epithelial cells in vitroen_HK
dc.typeArticleen_HK
dc.identifier.emailBruzzone, R: bruzzone@hkucc.hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.authorityBruzzone, R=rp01442en_HK
dc.description.naturepublished_or_final_versionen_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1371/journal.pone.0007870en_HK
dc.identifier.pmid19924243-
dc.identifier.pmcidPMC2773421-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-70949093997en_HK
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-70949093997&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_HK
dc.identifier.volume4en_HK
dc.identifier.issue11en_HK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000271854200017-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Statesen_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridKam, YW=15122219300en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridOkumura, Y=7202055695en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridKido, H=7103124239en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridNg, LFP=7201477950en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridBruzzone, R=7006793327en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridAltmeyer, R=7003677186en_HK
dc.identifier.issnl1932-6203-

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