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Conference Paper: Geological and geochemical constraints on the origin of the giant Lincang coal seam-hosted germanium deposit, Yunnan, SW China: A review

TitleGeological and geochemical constraints on the origin of the giant Lincang coal seam-hosted germanium deposit, Yunnan, SW China: A review
Authors
KeywordsCoal
Germanium
Hydrothermal fluids
Lincang germanium deposit
Siliceous rock
SW China
Issue Date2009
PublisherElsevier BV. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/oregeorev
Citation
The 17th Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference, Cologne, Germany, August 2007. In Ore Geology Reviews, 2009, v. 36 n. 1-3, p. 221-234 How to Cite?
AbstractThe Lincang germanium deposit, Yunnan, SW China, contains at least 1000 tonnes of Ge at an average grade of ~ 850 ppm Ge, and is one of the largest Ge deposits in the world. The deposit is hosted within coal seams of the Miocene Bangmai Formation, deposited on top of a Ge-rich granite batholith. The Bangmai Formation is divided into eight units among which three are coal-bearing. The Ge-bearing coal seams are inter-layered with siliceous rocks and siliceous limestones in the basal coal-bearing unit. The coal seams of the other two coal-bearing units are not interbedded with siliceous rocks and siliceous limestones, and are also barren with respect to Ge. Equant or elongate Ge-orebodies are generally located at fault intersections. Germanium is mainly associated with organic matter within the coal seams and is concentrated at the top and bottom of the coal seams, where the latter are in contact with the layered siliceous rocks or siliceous limestones. Major and trace element contents, and O- and C-isotopes of the siliceous rocks and siliceous limestones, are similar to those of hydrothermal sediments, indicating formation by hydrothermal sedimentation. Compared with barren coals, Ge-rich coals are notably rich in Nb, Li, Sb, W, Bi and U and show substantial enrichment of HREE which increase together with Ge. Germanium-rich coals contain disseminated pyrite with δ 34S ranging from 17.2 to 51.4‰, similar to pyrite in barren coals, and thin vein-like pyrite with δ 34S ranging from - 5.4 to 1.9‰, similar to sulfides in granite-related quartz veins. We propose that circulating hydrothermal fluids leached abundant Ge and other elements from Ge-rich granites in the basement, and were then discharged into the basin, mainly along fault intersections, to form layer-like siliceous rocks and siliceous limestones by depositing Si and Ca. The deposit was formed via interaction between Ge in the fluids and organic matter in the coal seams. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/129173
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 3.2
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.102
ISI Accession Number ID
Funding AgencyGrant Number
Chinese Academy of SciencesKZCX2-YW-111
National 973 Program of China2007CB411408
National Natural Science Foundation of China40302018
49925309
Funding Information:

This research was supported jointly by the Knowledge-innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-YW-111), the National 973 Program of China (2007CB411408) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (40302018, 49925309). The authors appreciate Frank Melcher for the constructive suggestions and comments in his review of the manuscript.

References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorHu, RZen_HK
dc.contributor.authorQi, HWen_HK
dc.contributor.authorZhou, MFen_HK
dc.contributor.authorSu, WCen_HK
dc.contributor.authorBi, XWen_HK
dc.contributor.authorPeng, JTen_HK
dc.contributor.authorZhong, Hen_HK
dc.date.accessioned2010-12-23T08:33:15Z-
dc.date.available2010-12-23T08:33:15Z-
dc.date.issued2009en_HK
dc.identifier.citationThe 17th Annual V.M. Goldschmidt Conference, Cologne, Germany, August 2007. In Ore Geology Reviews, 2009, v. 36 n. 1-3, p. 221-234en_HK
dc.identifier.issn0169-1368en_HK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/129173-
dc.description.abstractThe Lincang germanium deposit, Yunnan, SW China, contains at least 1000 tonnes of Ge at an average grade of ~ 850 ppm Ge, and is one of the largest Ge deposits in the world. The deposit is hosted within coal seams of the Miocene Bangmai Formation, deposited on top of a Ge-rich granite batholith. The Bangmai Formation is divided into eight units among which three are coal-bearing. The Ge-bearing coal seams are inter-layered with siliceous rocks and siliceous limestones in the basal coal-bearing unit. The coal seams of the other two coal-bearing units are not interbedded with siliceous rocks and siliceous limestones, and are also barren with respect to Ge. Equant or elongate Ge-orebodies are generally located at fault intersections. Germanium is mainly associated with organic matter within the coal seams and is concentrated at the top and bottom of the coal seams, where the latter are in contact with the layered siliceous rocks or siliceous limestones. Major and trace element contents, and O- and C-isotopes of the siliceous rocks and siliceous limestones, are similar to those of hydrothermal sediments, indicating formation by hydrothermal sedimentation. Compared with barren coals, Ge-rich coals are notably rich in Nb, Li, Sb, W, Bi and U and show substantial enrichment of HREE which increase together with Ge. Germanium-rich coals contain disseminated pyrite with δ 34S ranging from 17.2 to 51.4‰, similar to pyrite in barren coals, and thin vein-like pyrite with δ 34S ranging from - 5.4 to 1.9‰, similar to sulfides in granite-related quartz veins. We propose that circulating hydrothermal fluids leached abundant Ge and other elements from Ge-rich granites in the basement, and were then discharged into the basin, mainly along fault intersections, to form layer-like siliceous rocks and siliceous limestones by depositing Si and Ca. The deposit was formed via interaction between Ge in the fluids and organic matter in the coal seams. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.en_HK
dc.languageengen_US
dc.publisherElsevier BV. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/oregeoreven_HK
dc.relation.ispartofOre Geology Reviewsen_HK
dc.subjectCoalen_HK
dc.subjectGermaniumen_HK
dc.subjectHydrothermal fluidsen_HK
dc.subjectLincang germanium depositen_HK
dc.subjectSiliceous rocken_HK
dc.subjectSW Chinaen_HK
dc.titleGeological and geochemical constraints on the origin of the giant Lincang coal seam-hosted germanium deposit, Yunnan, SW China: A reviewen_HK
dc.typeConference_Paperen_HK
dc.identifier.emailZhou, MF:mfzhou@hkucc.hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.authorityZhou, MF=rp00844en_HK
dc.description.naturelink_to_subscribed_fulltext-
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.oregeorev.2009.02.007en_HK
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-70350521705en_HK
dc.identifier.hkuros177724en_US
dc.identifier.hkuros167297-
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-70350521705&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_HK
dc.identifier.volume36en_HK
dc.identifier.issue1-3en_HK
dc.identifier.spage221en_HK
dc.identifier.epage234en_HK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000271411200013-
dc.publisher.placeNetherlandsen_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridHu, RZ=7202640800en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridQi, HW=7202348798en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridZhou, MF=7403506005en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridSu, WC=7402010379en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridBi, XW=7102242579en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridPeng, JT=8230916900en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridZhong, H=35785435900en_HK
dc.identifier.citeulike5326896-
dc.identifier.issnl0169-1368-

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