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Article: Three versions of perceived stress scale: Validation in a sample of Chinese cardiac patients who smoke

TitleThree versions of perceived stress scale: Validation in a sample of Chinese cardiac patients who smoke
Authors
Issue Date2010
PublisherBioMed Central Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcpublichealth/
Citation
Bmc Public Health, 2010, v. 10 How to Cite?
AbstractBackground: Smoking causes heart disease, the major cause of death in China and Hong Kong. Stress is one major trigger of smoking and relapse, and understanding stress among smoking cardiac patients can therefore help in designing effective interventions to motivate them to quit. The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and to compare the appropriateness of the three versions of the scale (PSS-14, PSS-10, and PSS-4) among Chinese cardiac patients who were also smokers. Methods: From March 2002 to December 2004, 1860 cardiac patients who smoked were recruited at the cardiac outpatient clinics of ten acute hospitals in Hong Kong, and 1800 questionnaires were analysed. Participants completed a questionnaire including the PSS, nicotine dependence and certain demographic variables. The psychometric properties of the PSS were investigated: construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis, reliability using Cronbach's alpha and concurrent validity by examining the relationship with smoking- and health-related variables. Results: For all the three versions of the PSS, confirmatory factor analyses corroborated the 2-factor structure of the scale, with the positive and negative factors correlating significantly and negatively to a moderate extent (r < -0.5), and high Cronbach's alpha values for the two subscales (alpha > 0.5). All the correlations of the two subscales and the smoking- and health-related variables were statistically significant and in the expected directions although of small magnitudes, except daily cigarette consumption. Conclusions: The findings confirmed the satisfactory psychometric properties of all three Chinese versions of PSS. We recommend the use of PSS-10 for research which focuses on the two components of perceived stress, as it shows a higher reliability; and the use of PSS-4 if such partition is not essential and space for multiple measures is limited. © 2010 Leung et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
Persistent Identifierhttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/126476
ISSN
2023 Impact Factor: 3.5
2023 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.253
PubMed Central ID
ISI Accession Number ID
Funding AgencyGrant Number
Research Grants Council, Hong KongHKU7224/01 M
Funding Information:

The original clinical trial study was supported by a Competitive Earmarked Research Grant (CERG) from the Research Grants Council, Hong Kong (HKU7224/01 M). Part of the study was presented at the 8th Asia Pacific Conference on Tobacco or Health in Taipei, October 17-20 2007.

References

 

DC FieldValueLanguage
dc.contributor.authorLeung, DYPen_HK
dc.contributor.authorLam, THen_HK
dc.contributor.authorChan, SSCen_HK
dc.date.accessioned2010-10-31T12:30:54Z-
dc.date.available2010-10-31T12:30:54Z-
dc.date.issued2010en_HK
dc.identifier.citationBmc Public Health, 2010, v. 10en_HK
dc.identifier.issn1471-2458en_HK
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/126476-
dc.description.abstractBackground: Smoking causes heart disease, the major cause of death in China and Hong Kong. Stress is one major trigger of smoking and relapse, and understanding stress among smoking cardiac patients can therefore help in designing effective interventions to motivate them to quit. The objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and to compare the appropriateness of the three versions of the scale (PSS-14, PSS-10, and PSS-4) among Chinese cardiac patients who were also smokers. Methods: From March 2002 to December 2004, 1860 cardiac patients who smoked were recruited at the cardiac outpatient clinics of ten acute hospitals in Hong Kong, and 1800 questionnaires were analysed. Participants completed a questionnaire including the PSS, nicotine dependence and certain demographic variables. The psychometric properties of the PSS were investigated: construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis, reliability using Cronbach's alpha and concurrent validity by examining the relationship with smoking- and health-related variables. Results: For all the three versions of the PSS, confirmatory factor analyses corroborated the 2-factor structure of the scale, with the positive and negative factors correlating significantly and negatively to a moderate extent (r < -0.5), and high Cronbach's alpha values for the two subscales (alpha > 0.5). All the correlations of the two subscales and the smoking- and health-related variables were statistically significant and in the expected directions although of small magnitudes, except daily cigarette consumption. Conclusions: The findings confirmed the satisfactory psychometric properties of all three Chinese versions of PSS. We recommend the use of PSS-10 for research which focuses on the two components of perceived stress, as it shows a higher reliability; and the use of PSS-4 if such partition is not essential and space for multiple measures is limited. © 2010 Leung et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.en_HK
dc.languageengen_HK
dc.publisherBioMed Central Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcpublichealth/en_HK
dc.relation.ispartofBMC Public Healthen_HK
dc.rightsB M C Public Health. Copyright © BioMed Central Ltd.-
dc.titleThree versions of perceived stress scale: Validation in a sample of Chinese cardiac patients who smokeen_HK
dc.typeArticleen_HK
dc.identifier.openurlhttp://library.hku.hk:4550/resserv?sid=HKU:IR&issn=1471-2458&volume=10&spage=513&epage=&date=2010&atitle=Three+versions+of+Perceived+Stress+Scale:+validation+in+a+sample+of+Chinese+cardiac+patients+who+smoke-
dc.identifier.emailLeung, DYP: dorisl@hkucc.hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.emailLam, TH: hrmrlth@hkucc.hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.emailChan, SSC: scsophia@hku.hken_HK
dc.identifier.authorityLeung, DYP=rp00465en_HK
dc.identifier.authorityLam, TH=rp00326en_HK
dc.identifier.authorityChan, SSC=rp00423en_HK
dc.description.naturepublished_or_final_version-
dc.identifier.doi10.1186/1471-2458-10-513en_HK
dc.identifier.pmid20735860-
dc.identifier.pmcidPMC2939644-
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-77955803952en_HK
dc.identifier.hkuros181085en_HK
dc.relation.referenceshttp://www.scopus.com/mlt/select.url?eid=2-s2.0-77955803952&selection=ref&src=s&origin=recordpageen_HK
dc.identifier.volume10en_HK
dc.identifier.spage513en_HK
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000282238200001-
dc.publisher.placeUnited Kingdomen_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLeung, DYP=16304486500en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridLam, TH=7202522876en_HK
dc.identifier.scopusauthoridChan, SSC=7404255378en_HK
dc.identifier.issnl1471-2458-

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