Fetal size to final height in Hong Kong Chinese children

Abstract

Objectives: It has been known that size at birth is important for postnatal growth and final height. However, there are few data in the literature on the difference in height growth patterns from fetal size to final height between less privileged and more privileged populations. The aim of this study was to describe the important features in height growth from birth to maturity in an underprivileged Hong Kong Chinese cohort in comparison to a more privileged Swedish cohort. Methods: The longitudinal height growth data from birth to maturity in full-term healthy Hong Kong Chinese children (n=132) who were born in 1967 were analyzed, and compared with those for Swedish children who were born in 1973-75 (n=3650). Results: Children with longer birth length achieved taller adult stature with respect to their target height. The mean final height retained the same order as that of the mean length at birth for various birth length groups. All children in the Hong Kong Chinese series showed catch-down height growth during the first 2 years of life, in contrast to the catch-up in smaller babies and catch-down in larger babies for the Swedish series. The growth deficit for the Hong Kong Chinese was -0.9 SDS at birth, -1.8 SDS at 2.0 years of age, -2.1 SDS at 8 years of age, and -1.7 SDS at final height. Conclusions: Fetal size is important for postnatal growth and attained final height with respect to a child's familial genetic potential in stature, not only for privileged populations, but also for underprivileged populations. However, children in underprivileged populations experience a persistent increasing growth deficit during infancy and childhood. Special attention should be given to monitor their growth status in early years and to institute appropriate intervention programs.