深圳市社区全科医生接诊常见心理问题的知识、态度及实践调查研究

Abstract

<p><strong>目的</strong></p><p>调查深圳市社区全科医生接诊常见心理问题的知识、态度及实践情况。</p><p><strong>方法</strong></p><p>本研究为横断面研究，于2020年9月19日至10月31日，通过分层随机抽样选取深圳市10个行政区共100家社区健康服务中心（简称“社康中心”）的500名全科医生为研究对象，采用自填问卷方式开展调查，问卷内容包括一般情况、常见心理问题（广泛性焦虑障碍、抑郁障碍、惊恐发作、睡眠障碍）知识测试、全科医生接诊常见心理问题的态度及实践情况，收集知识、态度及实践得分情况并比较不同特征全科医生的得分差异。</p><p><strong>结果</strong></p><p>共回收问卷329份。知识方面，全科医生对抑郁障碍特征回答准确率最高（97.3%，320/329），对惊恐发作的案例分析准确率最低（50.2%，165/329）。态度方面，71.1%（234/329）的社区全科医生非常同意“应该接诊患者的常见心理问题”，在社康中心工作年限不同的全科医生接诊常见心理问题态度得分差异有统计学意义（Z =14.60，P =0.006）。实践方面，全科医生接诊失眠障碍最多（91.2%，300/329），46.5%（153/329）的全科医生会使用心理评估量表，52.9%（174/329）的全科医生选择直接转诊；参加工作总年限不同（Z =10.70，P =0.030）、在社康中心工作年限不同（Z =22.14，P <0.001）的全科医生态度得分差异有统计学意义。</p><p><strong>结论</strong></p><p>社区全科医生接诊常见心理问题态度积极，但知识相对匮乏、信心不足；在社康中心工作时间长的全科医生更倾向于在实践中接诊常见心理问题患者。</p>

Objective To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice of general practitioners (GPs) in Shenzhen towards managing patients with common mental health problems.

Methods It was a cross-sectional study, from September 19 to October 31, 2020, 500 GPs from 100 community health centers (CHC) in 10 districts of Shenzhen municipality were randomly selected as the research subjects by stratified random sampling; the survey was conducted by self-filled questionnaire, which included general conditions, knowledge tests of common psychological problems (generalized anxiety disorder, depressive disorder, panic attacks, sleep disorders), GPs′ attitudes to take care of common psychological problems, and GPs′ practice of caring for common psychological problems.

Results A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed and 329 valid ones were collected. In terms of knowledge, GPs had the highest accuracy of answering the characteristics of depressive disorder (97.3%, 320/329), and the lowest accuracy of case analysis of