Tao of changes and Tao of medicine : the influences of the philosophy of 'won taoist' and 'concept of time and space' in "Zhou yi" on the theories development of traditional Chinese medicine

Abstract

本研究以傳統古經《易經》、《易傳》和歷代具代表性的易學專著爲主要研究對象，分析考察《周易》哲學的思維特徵和思維方式；再以經典醫籍《黃帝內經》和其後的《難經》、《傷寒雜病論》以及歷代具代表性的中醫古籍爲主要參照內容，分析歸納傳統中醫理論中的哲學內涵和思辨模式；然後從圜道觀和時位觀兩個方面，通過比較分析傳統中醫理論與《周易》哲學在哲學理念、思維方式等方面的先後承授關係，確定和闡釋《周易》哲學的認識理念和思辨模式對傳統中醫理論形成和發展的影響。 《周易》認為“圜道＂是天道，周而復始的圜形運動是天道的基本特徵。在《周易》圜道觀的影響下，傳統中醫確立了以十二經脈為主幹的經絡循行理論、以五行生克為框架的臟腑功能理論和以氣運循環為基礎的五運六氣學說等理論學說。 《周易》按是否得時、是否當位進行推理，通過審時度勢來論斷事物吉兇。在《周易》時位觀的影響下，傳統中醫確定了“因時制宜＂、“因地制宜＂等治療法則。 易道和醫道相通，易理和醫理相通。本研究結果表明，《周易》哲學思想與傳統中醫理論之間確實存在著淵源關係。 本研究為進一步深入探討《周易》哲學思想對傳統中醫理論的影響奠定了良好的工作基礎。

In this study, for analyzing and summarizing the philosophy and thinking mode of “The Book of Changes”, ‘I Ching’, ‘Ten Wings’ and other representative books of ‘Zhou Yi Study’ were used as the main resources, and for studying the philosophy and thinking mode of Traditional Chinese Medicine, ‘The Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic’, ‘Classic on Medical Problems’, ‘Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous Diseases’ and other ancient classic books of Traditional Chinese Medicine were used as the main resources. The two philosophy concepts of ‘Won Taoist’ and ‘Concept of Time and Space’ in “The Book of Changes” were used to comparatively analysis the relationship between Traditional Chinese Medicine and the philosophy of “The Book of Changes”, thus to explain the influence of “The Book of Changes” on the theories development of Traditional Chinese Medicine. “The Book of Changes” has indicated that ‘Won Taoist’ is the Tao of Heaven, Won Shaped movement is the basic characteristics of Heaven. Under the influence of the concept of ‘Won Taoist’ in “The Book of Changes”, Traditional Chinese Medicine has established the theories of Twelve-Meridians, Viscera theories of five organs and the theories of doctrine of five evolutive phases and six climatic factors. ‘Right Time’ and ‘Appropriate Position’ are the two main rules in “The Book of Changes” for making judgments of good or bad for all things. Under the influence of the ‘Concept of Time and Space’, Traditional Chinese Medicine has established the theories for treatments that follow the law of ‘Change with Time’ and ‘Change with Region’. Tao of Changes and Tao of Medicine are interconnected, the philosophy of “The Book of Changes” and Traditional Chinese Medicine are also interconnected. The results of this study have shown the existence of historical origins and relationships between “The Book of Changes” and Traditional Chinese Medicine. This study has laid a good basis for the work to further explore the influence of the philosophy of “The Book of Changes” on the theories development of Traditional Chinese Medicine.