Article: Gender differences on brachial flow-mediated dilation and carotid intima-media thickness for prediction of spontaneous cardiovascular events.

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Scopus: eid_2-s2.0-60849136650
PMID: 19006116

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Title	Gender differences on brachial flow-mediated dilation and carotid intima-media thickness for prediction of spontaneous cardiovascular events.
Authors	Hu, R1 Wang, WQ1 Lau, CP1 Tse, HF1
Issue Date	2008
Publisher	John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.clinicalcardiology.org
Citation	Clinical Cardiology, 2008, v. 31 n. 11, p. 525-530 [How to Cite?]
Abstract	BACKGROUND: Impaired brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events. METHODS: We measured brachial FMD and a mean of 12 sites maximum carotid IMT (mmIMT) in 279 patients (mean age 62 +/- 12 y; 163 men) admitted for coronary angiography due to chest pain. HYPOTHESIS: There are gender differences in the predictive values of FMD and IMT for cardiovascular events. RESULTS: Univariable analysis showed that impaired FMD (p < 0.001), but not increased mmIMT (p = 0.056), significantly predicted spontaneous cardiovascular events. After adjusting for the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) and other clinical variables, age (heart rate [HR] 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.09, p = 0.017) and FMD (HR 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75-0.97, p = 0.012) were independent predictors for cardiovascular events. A total of 148 (53%) patients had CAD (> or =50% diameter stenosis). Over a median follow-up of 16 mo, 36 (12.9%) patients experienced spontaneous cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, stroke, acute myocardial infarction [MI], unstable angina pectoris, and congestive heart failure [HF]). Women were more likely than men to develop cardiovascular events in patients without significant CAD (11.9% versus 1.6%, odds ratio [OR] = 8.54, p = 0.033), but not in those patients with CAD (20.4 % versus 17.2%, OR = 1.24, p = 0.66). Moreover, women accounted for 8 (88.9%) events in non-CAD patients. Furthermore, impaired FMD predicted the occurrence of cardiovascular events in both men and women (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Brachial FMD, rather than carotid IMT, was an independent predictor for cardiovascular events after adjusting for the extent of CAD. Moreover, impaired brachial endothelial function in women without significant CAD was associated with an increased risk of spontaneous cardiovascular events. Copyright 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ISSN	0160-9289 2011 Impact Factor: 2.151 2011 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.110

DC Field	Value
dc.contributor.author	Hu, R
dc.contributor.author	Wang, WQ
dc.contributor.author	Lau, CP
dc.contributor.author	Tse, HF
dc.date.accessioned	2012-09-05T05:29:00Z
dc.date.available	2012-09-05T05:29:00Z
dc.date.issued	2008
dc.description.abstract	BACKGROUND: Impaired brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events. METHODS: We measured brachial FMD and a mean of 12 sites maximum carotid IMT (mmIMT) in 279 patients (mean age 62 +/- 12 y; 163 men) admitted for coronary angiography due to chest pain. HYPOTHESIS: There are gender differences in the predictive values of FMD and IMT for cardiovascular events. RESULTS: Univariable analysis showed that impaired FMD (p < 0.001), but not increased mmIMT (p = 0.056), significantly predicted spontaneous cardiovascular events. After adjusting for the extent of coronary artery disease (CAD) and other clinical variables, age (heart rate [HR] 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-1.09, p = 0.017) and FMD (HR 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75-0.97, p = 0.012) were independent predictors for cardiovascular events. A total of 148 (53%) patients had CAD (> or =50% diameter stenosis). Over a median follow-up of 16 mo, 36 (12.9%) patients experienced spontaneous cardiovascular events (cardiovascular death, stroke, acute myocardial infarction [MI], unstable angina pectoris, and congestive heart failure [HF]). Women were more likely than men to develop cardiovascular events in patients without significant CAD (11.9% versus 1.6%, odds ratio [OR] = 8.54, p = 0.033), but not in those patients with CAD (20.4 % versus 17.2%, OR = 1.24, p = 0.66). Moreover, women accounted for 8 (88.9%) events in non-CAD patients. Furthermore, impaired FMD predicted the occurrence of cardiovascular events in both men and women (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Brachial FMD, rather than carotid IMT, was an independent predictor for cardiovascular events after adjusting for the extent of CAD. Moreover, impaired brachial endothelial function in women without significant CAD was associated with an increased risk of spontaneous cardiovascular events. Copyright 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
dc.description.nature	Link_to_subscribed_fulltext
dc.identifier.citation	Clinical Cardiology, 2008, v. 31 n. 11, p. 525-530 [How to Cite?]
dc.identifier.epage	530
dc.identifier.issn	0160-9289 2011 Impact Factor: 2.151 2011 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.110
dc.identifier.issue	11
dc.identifier.pmid	19006116
dc.identifier.scopus	eid_2-s2.0-60849136650
dc.identifier.spage	525
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/10722/163231
dc.identifier.volume	31
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.clinicalcardiology.org
dc.publisher.place	United States
dc.relation.ispartof	Clinical cardiology
dc.subject.mesh	Age Factors
dc.subject.mesh	Brachial Artery
dc.subject.mesh	Cardiovascular Diseases - Pathology - Physiopathology
dc.subject.mesh	Carotid Arteries - Pathology
dc.subject.mesh	Confidence Intervals
dc.subject.mesh	Coronary Artery Disease - Pathology - Physiopathology
dc.subject.mesh	Endothelium, Vascular - Pathology - Physiopathology
dc.subject.mesh	Female
dc.subject.mesh	Heart Rate
dc.subject.mesh	Humans
dc.subject.mesh	Male
dc.subject.mesh	Middle Aged
dc.subject.mesh	Prognosis
dc.subject.mesh	Prospective Studies
dc.subject.mesh	Risk Factors
dc.subject.mesh	Severity Of Illness Index
dc.subject.mesh	Sex Factors
dc.subject.mesh	Tunica Intima - Pathology
dc.subject.mesh	Tunica Media - Pathology
dc.subject.mesh	Vasodilation
dc.title	Gender differences on brachial flow-mediated dilation and carotid intima-media thickness for prediction of spontaneous cardiovascular events.
dc.type	Article

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Article: Gender differences on brachial flow-mediated dilation and carotid intima-media thickness for prediction of spontaneous cardiovascular events.

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