Article: Prefrontal deviations in function but not volume are putative endophenotypes for schizophrenia
| Title | Prefrontal deviations in function but not volume are putative endophenotypes for schizophrenia |
|---|---|
| Authors | Owens, SF1 2 Picchioni, MM2 Ettinger, U3 McDonald, C5 Walshe, M2 Schmechtig, A2 Murray, RM2 Rijsdijk, F2 Toulopoulou, T2 4 |
| Keywords | Family Genetic MRI Prefrontal Twin |
| Issue Date | 2012 |
| Publisher | Oxford University Press. The Journal's web site is located at http://brain.oxfordjournals.org/ |
| Citation | Brain, 2012, v. 135 n. 7, p. 2231-2244 [How to Cite?] DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/aws138 |
| Abstract | This study sought to systematically investigate whether prefrontal cortex grey matter volume reductions are valid endophenotypes for schizophrenia, specifically investigating their presence in unaffected relatives, heritability, genetic overlap with the disorder itself and finally to contrast their performance on these criteria with putative neuropsychological indices of prefrontal functioning. We used a combined twin and family design and examined four prefrontal cortical regions of interest. Superior and inferior regions were significantly smaller in patients. However, the volumes of these same regions were normal in unaffected relatives and therefore, we could confirm that such deficits were not due to familial effects. Volumes of the prefrontal and orbital cortices were, however, moderately heritable, but neither shared a genetic overlap with schizophrenia. Total prefrontal cortical volume reductions shared a significant unique environmental overlap with the disorder, suggesting that the reductions were not familial. In contrast, prefrontal (executive) functioning deficits were present in the unaffected relatives, were moderately heritable and shared a substantial genetic overlap with liability to schizophrenia. These results suggest that the well recognized prefrontal volume reductions are not related to the same familial influences that increase schizophrenia liability and instead may be attributable to illness related biological changes or indeed confounded by illness trajectory, chronicity, medication or substance abuse, or in fact a combination of some or all of them. © The Author (2012). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. |
| ISSN | 0006-8950 2011 Impact Factor: 9.457 2011 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.917 |
| DOI | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/aws138 |
| References | References in Scopus |
| dc.contributor.author | Owens, SF |
|---|---|
| dc.contributor.author | Picchioni, MM |
| dc.contributor.author | Ettinger, U |
| dc.contributor.author | McDonald, C |
| dc.contributor.author | Walshe, M |
| dc.contributor.author | Schmechtig, A |
| dc.contributor.author | Murray, RM |
| dc.contributor.author | Rijsdijk, F |
| dc.contributor.author | Toulopoulou, T |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2012-08-16T06:16:20Z |
| dc.date.available | 2012-08-16T06:16:20Z |
| dc.date.issued | 2012 |
| dc.description.abstract | This study sought to systematically investigate whether prefrontal cortex grey matter volume reductions are valid endophenotypes for schizophrenia, specifically investigating their presence in unaffected relatives, heritability, genetic overlap with the disorder itself and finally to contrast their performance on these criteria with putative neuropsychological indices of prefrontal functioning. We used a combined twin and family design and examined four prefrontal cortical regions of interest. Superior and inferior regions were significantly smaller in patients. However, the volumes of these same regions were normal in unaffected relatives and therefore, we could confirm that such deficits were not due to familial effects. Volumes of the prefrontal and orbital cortices were, however, moderately heritable, but neither shared a genetic overlap with schizophrenia. Total prefrontal cortical volume reductions shared a significant unique environmental overlap with the disorder, suggesting that the reductions were not familial. In contrast, prefrontal (executive) functioning deficits were present in the unaffected relatives, were moderately heritable and shared a substantial genetic overlap with liability to schizophrenia. These results suggest that the well recognized prefrontal volume reductions are not related to the same familial influences that increase schizophrenia liability and instead may be attributable to illness related biological changes or indeed confounded by illness trajectory, chronicity, medication or substance abuse, or in fact a combination of some or all of them. © The Author (2012). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Guarantors of Brain. All rights reserved. |
| dc.description.nature | link_to_subscribed_fulltext |
| dc.identifier.citation | Brain, 2012, v. 135 n. 7, p. 2231-2244 [How to Cite?] DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/aws138 |
| dc.identifier.doi | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/aws138 |
| dc.identifier.epage | 2244 |
| dc.identifier.hkuros | 205264 |
| dc.identifier.issn | 0006-8950 2011 Impact Factor: 9.457 2011 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.917 |
| dc.identifier.issue | 7 |
| dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-84863191771 |
| dc.identifier.spage | 2231 |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/160678 |
| dc.identifier.volume | 135 |
| dc.language | eng |
| dc.publisher | Oxford University Press. The Journal's web site is located at http://brain.oxfordjournals.org/ |
| dc.publisher.place | United Kingdom |
| dc.relation.ispartof | Brain |
| dc.relation.references | References in Scopus |
| dc.subject | Family |
| dc.subject | Genetic |
| dc.subject | MRI |
| dc.subject | Prefrontal |
| dc.subject | Twin |
| dc.title | Prefrontal deviations in function but not volume are putative endophenotypes for schizophrenia |
| dc.type | Article |
Author Affiliations
- UCL
- King's College London
- Universität Bonn
- The University of Hong Kong
- National University of Ireland Galway

