Reflections on Administrative Law in China: A Hong Kong Perspective

Abstract

中國的現代行政法與中國古代法律傳統沒有多大的延續性。相比較而言,英國行政法有著其引以為榮的綿延數世紀的歷史,其重心在于對行政行為的司法審查。中國行政法的結構與英國行政法的結構截然不同。在中國的行政訴訟制度中,就司法審查的范圍而言:首先,抽象行政行為不受司法審查;其次,內部行政行為不受司法審查;再者,《行政訴訟法》只授權對某些類型的具體行政行為案件進行司法審查。就行政行為的審查理由或標準而言,中國法律的有關規定要比英國或香港的較為有限。但就一方面而言,中國法律提供的審查空間和力度似乎比英國或香港更為寬泛,這便是對行政行為的事實依據的審查。 There is discontinuity between modern Chinese administrative law and the Chinese legal tradition,while English administrative law,with its focus on judicial review of administrative actions,has a proud history of several centuries.There is considerable difference between the structures of Chinese and English administrative law.In the Chinese system of administrative litigation,the following features are noteworthy regarding the scope of judicial review of administrative actions.First,Abstract administrative actions are not subject to judicial review. Secondly, internal administrative acts are not subject to judicial review. Third, the Law of Administrative Litigation only authorizes judicial review of several types of concrete administrative actions. As regards the grounds for judicial review, the provisions of Chinese law are more limited than those in England or Hong Kong. But as regards the review of the factual basis of administrative actions, Chinese law.allows more room for, and provides for a more intensive form of,judicial review.