Hematological features and treatment outcome in acute myeloid leukemia with t(8;21)

Abstract

We analyzed the hematological features and treatment outcome in 18 patients with t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) diagnosed in Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong. They comprised 15 cases of M2, two cases of M4 and one case of M1 according to FAB criteria. Auer rods (17 cases) and dysgranulopoietic features (15 cases) were very frequently observed. Two cases showed marrow eosinophilia while blast cells in one patient demonstrated erythrophagocytic activity. Chromosome changes in addition to t(8;21) were seen in 14 patients, the most common of which was loss of a sex chromosome (10 cases). Of the 14 patients treated with intensive chemotherapy, 13 (93 per cent) entered complete remission with a median event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) of 11 and 24 months respectively. The probability of EFS and OS at 3 years were 33 ± 14.3 per cent and 55.1 ± 15.6 per cent respectively with a median duration of follow- up of 22 months. When compared with AML having no t(8;21) treated similarly in the same period, we could not demonstrate a better clinical outcome for t(8;21) AML.