Preventive defensive strategies for power systems under persistent malicious cyberattacks

Abstract

This paper focuses on preventive defensive strategies for power systems under persistent malicious cyberattacks (PMCs). Before a system is compromised by intruders, system reliability is reduced gradually under cyberattacks. For system operators, they should perform some strategies to guarantee a high system reliability level. In this paper, the probability of compromising the system is formulated as Markov chains. The probability of compromising the system is related with the duration of PMCs. Because the duration of PMCs cannot be known exactly by system operators, this paper assumes that the duration of PMCs satisfies a given discrete distribution. In addition, outputs of generator are adjusted within ramping rates to ensure a high reliability level. The potential loss of loads works as the evaluation index. The software GAMS is employed to solve this optimization model. A test system shows that the proposed model can provide effective strategies when systems are under PMCs.