Suicide in micronesia: A systematic review

Abstract

Introduction: What are the characteristics of suicide in Micronesia? Limited knowledge of suicidal behavior prohibits the development of culturally responsive suicide prevention in Micronesia. This study explores the status of suicide and provides recommendations for further research and prevention programs. Methods: All the available studies on suicidal behavior in Micronesia were reviewed. Results: Since the late 1960s, the number of suicides through Micronesia has risen sharply. There is a strong preponderance of male over female suicides (male versus female=10-16:1). The victims are generally young males between 15 and 24 years of age. The suicide rates, especially among youths, are amongst the highest in the world. The most common scenario leading to suicide is an incident of intergenerational conflict. Less than 40% of suicides occur in people with mental disorder. Discussion: Suicide in Micronesia is unique in cross-cultural comparison. However, relatively little research has systematically investigated suicidal behavior in this area. Conclusion: Further studies should focus on the risk and protective factors - especially sociocultural factors - of suicidal behavior using standardized instruments and diagnostic criteria. Suicide prevention might focus on improving public education, mental health services, and crisis intervention.