Article: Gender difference in HIV-1 RNA viral loads

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TitleGender difference in HIV-1 RNA viral loads
AuthorsDonnelly, CA2
Bartley, LM2
Ghani, AC2
Le Fevre, AM2
Kwong, GP2
Cowling, BJ2
van Sighem, AL1
de Wolf, F1 2
Rode, RA3
Anderson, RM2
KeywordsChemicals And Cas Registry Numbers
Issue Date2005
PublisherBlackwell Publishing Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journals/HIV
CitationHiv Medicine, 2005, v. 6 n. 3, p. 170-178 [How to Cite?]
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1293.2005.00285.x
AbstractObjectives: To test and characterize the dependence of viral load on gender in different countries and racial groups as a function of CD4 T-cell count. Methods: Plasma viral load data were analysed for > 30 000 HIV-infected patients attending clinics in the USA [HIV Insight™ (Cerner Corporation, Vienna, VA, USA) and Plum Data Mining LLC (East Meadow, NY, USA) databases] and the Netherlands (Athena database; HIV Monitoring Foundation, Amsterdam, Netherlands). Log-normal regression models were used to test for an effect of gender on viral load while adjusting for covariates and allowing the effect to depend on CD4 T-cell count. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of conclusions to assumptions regarding viral loads below the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ). Results: After adjusting for covariates, women had (nonsignificantly) lower viral loads than men (HIV Insight™: - 0.053 log 10 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL, P = 0.202; Athena: - 0.005 log 10 copies/mL, P = 0.667; Plum: - 0.072 log 10 copies/mL, P = 0.273). However, further investigation revealed that the gender effect d epended on CD4 T-cell count. Women had consistently higher viral loads than men when CD4 T-cell counts were at most 50 cells/μL, and consistently lower viral loads than men when CD4 T-cell counts were greater than 350 cells/μL. These effects were remarkably consistent when estimated independently for the racial groups with sufficient data available in the HIV Insight™ and Plum databases. Conclusions: The consistent relationship between gender-related differences in viral load and CD4 T-cell count demonstrated here explains the diverse findings previously published. © 2005 British HIV Association.
ISSN1464-2662
2011 Impact Factor: 3.006
2011 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.392
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1293.2005.00285.x
ISI Accession Number IDWOS:000229374200005
ReferencesReferences in Scopus
DC Field
Value
dc.contributor.authorDonnelly, CA
dc.contributor.authorBartley, LM
dc.contributor.authorGhani, AC
dc.contributor.authorLe Fevre, AM
dc.contributor.authorKwong, GP
dc.contributor.authorCowling, BJ
dc.contributor.authorvan Sighem, AL
dc.contributor.authorde Wolf, F
dc.contributor.authorRode, RA
dc.contributor.authorAnderson, RM
dc.date.accessioned2010-09-17T10:51:25Z
dc.date.available2010-09-17T10:51:25Z
dc.date.issued2005
dc.description.abstractObjectives: To test and characterize the dependence of viral load on gender in different countries and racial groups as a function of CD4 T-cell count. Methods: Plasma viral load data were analysed for > 30 000 HIV-infected patients attending clinics in the USA [HIV Insight™ (Cerner Corporation, Vienna, VA, USA) and Plum Data Mining LLC (East Meadow, NY, USA) databases] and the Netherlands (Athena database; HIV Monitoring Foundation, Amsterdam, Netherlands). Log-normal regression models were used to test for an effect of gender on viral load while adjusting for covariates and allowing the effect to depend on CD4 T-cell count. Sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of conclusions to assumptions regarding viral loads below the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ). Results: After adjusting for covariates, women had (nonsignificantly) lower viral loads than men (HIV Insight™: - 0.053 log 10 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL, P = 0.202; Athena: - 0.005 log 10 copies/mL, P = 0.667; Plum: - 0.072 log 10 copies/mL, P = 0.273). However, further investigation revealed that the gender effect d epended on CD4 T-cell count. Women had consistently higher viral loads than men when CD4 T-cell counts were at most 50 cells/μL, and consistently lower viral loads than men when CD4 T-cell counts were greater than 350 cells/μL. These effects were remarkably consistent when estimated independently for the racial groups with sufficient data available in the HIV Insight™ and Plum databases. Conclusions: The consistent relationship between gender-related differences in viral load and CD4 T-cell count demonstrated here explains the diverse findings previously published. © 2005 British HIV Association.
dc.description.natureLink_to_subscribed_fulltext
dc.identifier.citationHiv Medicine, 2005, v. 6 n. 3, p. 170-178 [How to Cite?]
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1293.2005.00285.x
dc.identifier.citeulike186223
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-1293.2005.00285.x
dc.identifier.epage178
dc.identifier.isiWOS:000229374200005
dc.identifier.issn1464-2662
2011 Impact Factor: 3.006
2011 SCImago Journal Rankings: 0.392
dc.identifier.issue3
dc.identifier.pmid15876283
dc.identifier.scopuseid_2-s2.0-21144446700
dc.identifier.spage170
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10722/92603
dc.identifier.volume6
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherBlackwell Publishing Ltd. The Journal's web site is located at http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/journals/HIV
dc.publisher.placeUnited Kingdom
dc.relation.ispartofHIV Medicine
dc.relation.referencesReferences in Scopus
dc.subject.meshAdult
dc.subject.meshCD4 Lymphocyte Count
dc.subject.meshData Collection
dc.subject.meshDatabases, Factual
dc.subject.meshFemale
dc.subject.meshHIV Infections - immunology - virology
dc.subject.meshHIV-1
dc.subject.meshHumans
dc.subject.meshMale
dc.subject.meshRegression Analysis
dc.subject.meshSex Distribution
dc.subject.meshStatistics, Nonparametric
dc.subject.meshUnited States
dc.subject.meshViral Load
dc.subjectChemicals And Cas Registry Numbers
dc.titleGender difference in HIV-1 RNA viral loads
dc.typeArticle
Author Affiliations
  1. Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam
  2. Imperial College London
  3. Abbott Laboratories