Mechanisms of a spotless self-image: Navigating negative, self-relevant feedback

Abstract

The present research investigated whether the differential recognition thresholds associated with memory for self-relevant negative feedback stem from processes occurring at encoding and/or suppression at retrieval. Socioemotional and monetary incentives offered before and after encoding did not significantly affect recognition thresholds for negative, self-relevant personality feedback (Studies 1–2). However, when presented before encoding took place, the combination of socioemotional and monetary incentives did impact recognition thresholds for negative personality feedback (about another person: Study 2). Differences in memory (rather than concealed knowledge) predicted ERP patterns associated with forgotten negative, self-relevant feedback as early as the encoding stage (Study 3). Results suggest that disrupted processes during encoding may play a role in the differential recognition thresholds associated with memory for negative, self-relevant feedback.