Encrypted wide-field two-photon microscopy with single-pixel detection and compressed sensing

Abstract

We demonstrate a single-pixel two-photon microscopy using a compact femtosecond fiber laser by spatially tailoring the beam into orthogonal basis for patterned illumination. Such wide-field illumination excites a weak two-photon fluorescence signal that can be detected by a photomultiplier tube. An encrypted hybrid basis with random element sequence of Hadamard basis is adopted to illuminate the sample. The hybrid basis shares the same differential detection with Hadamard basis, and greatly reduces the number of measurements compared with random basis. The reduced number of measurements was demonstrated by using compressed sensing, which allows the minimum image collection and transfer bandwidth.